A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

  • Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Date:
1819
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    If it be weigh'd By itself, with aggravations not surcharg'd, Or else with just allowance counterpois'd; • I may, if possible, thy pardon find The easier towards me, or thy hatred less. Milton. A'ggreg.vte, ag'gre-gate '' adj. [aggrc- gatus, Lat.] Framed, by the collection of any particular parts, into one mass, body, or system. The solid reason of one man with unprejudicate apprehensions, begets as firm a belief, as the autho- rity or aggregate testimony of many hundreds. Brown's Vulgar Errours. Tlicy had, for a long time together, produced many other inept combinations, or aggregate forms of particular things, and nonsensical systems of the whole. Ruy on the Creation. A'ggregate, ag'gre-gate, n. s. [from the verb.] The complex or collective result of the conjunction or acervation of ma- ny particulars. The reason of the far greatest part of mankind, is but an aggregate of mistaken phantasms; and, in tilings not sensible, a constant delusion. Glanville's Scepsis Scientijica. A great number of living and thinking particles could not possibly, by their mutual contact, and pressing, and striking, compose one great indivi- dual animal, with one mind and understanding, and a vital consension of the whole body; any more, than a swarm of bees, or a crowd of men and wo- men, can be conceived to make up one particular living creature, compounded and constituted of the aggregate of them all. Bentley. To AGGREGATE, 4g'gre-g4te. v. a. aggrego, Lat] To collect together; to accumulate; to heap many particulars into one mass. The aggregated soil Death, with his mace petrinck, cold and dry, As with a trident, smote. Milton's Par. Lost. Aggregation, aggre-ga'slnin. n. s. [from aggregate] 1. Collection, or state of being collected. Their individual imperfections being great, they are moreover enlarged by their aggregation; and, being erroneous in their single numbers, once hud- dled together, they will be errour itself. Brown's Vulgar Errours. 2. The collection, or act of collecting ma- ny particulars into one whole. The water, resident in the abyss, is (in all parts of it) stored with a considerable quantity of heat; and more especially in those, where these extraor- dinary aggregations of this fire happen. ♦ Woodward's Nat. Hist. 3. The whole, composed by the coacerva- tion of many particulars; an aggregate. To AGGRE'SS, ag-gr6ss'. v.n. [agq-redior, aggressum, Lat.] To commit the first act of violence; to begin the quarrel. The glorious pair advance, With mingled anger and collected might; To turn the war, and tell aggressing France, How Britain's sons and Britain's friends can fight. Prior. Aggre'ssion, ag-gr£sh'un. n.s. [eggressio, Lat.] The first act of injury; commence- ment of a quarrel, by some act of iniqui- ty- There is no resisting of a common enemy, with- out an union for a mutual defence; and there may be also, on the other hand, a conspiracy of common enmity and aggression. L'Estrange. Aggre'ssor, ag-gres'sur.98 *18 n. s. [from aggrc84.~] The person, that first com- mences hostility; the assaulter or inva- der, opposed to the defendant. VOL. I. Fly in nature's face! But how, if nature fly in my face first? Then nature's the aggressor. Let her look to't. Dry den. It is a very unlucky circumstance, to be obliged to retaliate the injuries of such authors; whose works are so soon forgotton, that we are in danger already of appearing the first aggressms. Pope and Swift. Agghi'evance, ag-gre'vanse. n. s. [See Grievance.] Injury; hardship inflicted; wrong endured. To A.ggri'eve, ag-greve'.27 v. a. [from gravis, Lat. See To grieve.] 1. To give sorrow; to cause grief; to vex. It is not improbable, that to grieve was originally neuter,and aggrieve the active. But while therein I took my chief delight, I saw, alas! the gaping earth devour The spring, the place, and all, clean out of sight: Which yet aggrieves my heart, even to this hour. Spenser. 2. To impose some hardships upon; to ha- rass; to hurt in one's right. This is a kind of juridical sense; and whenever it is used now, it seems to bear some allu- sion to forms of law. Sewall, archbishop of York, much aggrieved with some practices of the pope's collectors, took all pa- tiently. Camden. The landed man finds himself aggrieved, by the falling of his rents, and the strcightening of his for- tune; whilst the monied man keeps up his gain, and the merchant thrives and grows rich by trade. Locke. Of injur'd fame, and mighty wrongs receiv'd, Chloe complains, and wond'rously's aggriev'd. Granville. To Agghou'p, ag-trr66p'. v. a. [aggro- fiare, Ital.] To bring together into one figure; to crowd together: a term of painting. Bodies of divers natures, which are aggrouped (or combined) together, are agreeable and pleasant to the sight. Dryden. Agha'st, a-gast'. adj. [either the partici- ple of agaze (see Agaze,) and then to be written agazed, or agast; or from a and gape, a ghost; which the present orthography favours: perhaps they were originallv different words.] Struck with horrour, as at the sight of a spectre; stupified with terrour. It is generally applied to the external appearance. She (sighing sore, as if her heart in twaine Had riven been, and all her heart-strings brast) With dreary drooping eyne look'd up, like one aghast S])cnser. The aged earth, aghast With terror of that blast, Shall from the surface to the centre shake. Milton. •Aghast he wak'd; and, starting from his bed, Cold sweat in clammy drops his limbs o'erspread. Dryden's JEneid. I laugh to think, how your unshaken Cato Will look aghast, while unforeseen destruction Pours in upon him thus from every side. Addison A'GILE, aj'il.140 adj. [agile, Fr. agil?s, Lat.] Nimble; ready; having the quality of being speedily put in motion; active. With that he gave his able horse the head; And, bending forward, struck his agile heels Against the panting sides of his poor jade, Up to the rowel-head. Shaksp. Hen. IV. The immediate and agile subservience of the spirits to the empire of the mind or soul. Hale's Origin of Mankind. To guide its actions with informing care, In peace to judge, to conquer in the war, G Render it agile, witty, valiant, sage; As fits the various course of hum. n age. Prioi. A'gileness, ajll-ness. n. s. [from agile. The quality of being agile; nimb.eness; readiness for motion; quickness; activi- ty: agility. Agi'lity, a-jil'^-te.611 n. s. [agilitas, Lat. from agilis, agile.] Nimbleness; readi- ness to move; quickness; activity. A limb, over-strained by lifting a weight above its power, may never recover its former agility and vigour. M ails. AGI'LLOCHUM,a-jil'6-kum. n.,v. Aloes- wood. Atrev- in the East-Indies, brought to us in small bits, of a very fragrant scent. It is hot, drying, and accounted a strengtiiener of the nerves in general: the best is of a blackish purple colour; and so light, as to swim upon water. Quincy. A'GIO, a'je-6. n. s. [An Italian word, sig- nifying ease or conveniency.] A mer- cantile term, used chiefly in Holland and Venice, for the difference between the value of bank notes, and the current money. Chambers. To AGI'ST, a-jist'. v. a. [from giste, Fr. a bed or resting-place, or iromgister, i. e. stabulari.] To take in and feed the cattle of strangers in the king's forest, and to gather the money. The officers, that do this, are called agistors; in English,guest or gist-takers: their function is termed agistment; as, agistment upon the sea- banks. This word agist is also used, for the taking in of other men's cattle into any man's ground, at a certain rate per week. Blount. ^gi'stment, aj-Ist'ment. n. s. [See Agist.) It is taken by the canon lawyers, in an- other sense, than is mentioned under agist. They seemed to intend by it, a modus or composition, or mean rate, at which some right or due may be reck- oned: perhaps it is corrupted from ad- doucissement, or adjustment. Agi'stor, a-jis'tur. n. s. [from agist.] An officer of the king's forest. See Agist. A'gitable, aj'e-ta-bl adj. [from agitate; agitabilis, Lat.] That, which may be agitated, or put in motion; perhaps that which may be disputed. See Agitate, and Agitation. To A'GITATE, aj'e-tate.9* v. a. [agito, Lat.] 1. To put in motion; to shake; to move nimbly; as,' the surface of the waters is agitated by the wind; the vessel was broken, by agitating the liquor.' 2. To be the cause of motion; to actuate; to move. Where dwells this sov'reign arbitrary soul, Which does the human animal controul, Inform each part, and agitate the whole? BLicknwre. 3. To effect with per.urbalion: as, 'the mind of man is agitated by various passions.' 4. To stir; to bandy from one to another; to discuss; to controvert; as, to agitate a , question.