Licence: In copyright
Credit: The prevention of malaria. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.
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![in the experiments is culpable, because, for instance, we failed in infecting English A. macuhpennis, which certainly carry in most other places. The reader should also note that the breeding-waters selected by larvae in some places need not necessarily be the same as those selected by the same larvae elsewhere. Anopheles algeriensis.—Ed. and Et. Sergent state that they found protospores in the salivary glands of the two individuals examined by them [1905]. They also state that a violent epidemic of malaria occurred in the villages of Thiers in Algeria, where it was not possible to find any other Anopheline except this one. Occurs in Algeria, and the Sergents say that it haunts les collines saheliennes, and the plains of the littoral. Anopheles arabiensis.—Apparently incriminated by W. S. Patton [1905]. Literature not available. Protospores found in it. Distribu- tion : Arabia and Aden. See Stephens and Christophers [1907, p. 156]. Anopheles bifurcatus.—There are two species of Anophelines under the name of claviger, A. maculipennis Fabr. and A. bifurcatus Linn. Both appear to have been incriminated by the Italians by cultivation of the parasites in all their stages, and also by inoculation of healthy persons (see section 17, cases 2, 3, 4); but it is not always clear which species is referred to. We gather that A. maculipennis is the one concerned in the experimental inoculations, and generally in the cultiva- tions. But Bignami and Bastianelli also incriminated bifurcatus by cultivation. Grassi says [1901] that he found it much more difficult to work with bifurcatus than with maculipennis, owing to the small size of the former, but found zygotes in thirteen out of sixteen insects, and adds (page 121, German edition) that parasites were found in bifurcatus and maculipennis in the Maccarese district. Jansco also [1904, 1905 and 1908] gives experiments with A. claviger without stating which claviger he referred to; but we gather that he was referring to maculi- pennis. Probably bifurcatus can be safely claimed as a carrier. It is generally distributed over Europe and North America. In England it is certainly the commonest of the three Anophelines, the other species being maculipennis and nigripes. Grassi states that it occurs in forests and breeds in small collections of fresh water such as wells and in rot holes in trees; that it occurs seldom in houses and stables, and that when one is bitten in forests it is generally by this species. It bites more quickly than A. claviger, and in the daytime,](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21351600_0716.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
