Tropical home nursing / by R.J. Blackham.

  • Robert J. Blackham
Date:
1921
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Tropical home nursing / by R.J. Blackham. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    INDI | Period between | | | . | | . A am : é le nodi = . . < . | | bere | Quarantine periods for Contacts ; Disease, Mode of Infection. aad Seema Character of onset Chief apeeens and sere ecs Peimary Ststion Range of Temperature, Rash Fades, | Duration of Illness, Duration of meee Preventive Measures. and special Remarks. | of symptems. | | | 5 | | : ee: 3 ee = 4 SP Bee ae | | ~ | ES — ad E | hi == an a li a ee a ; F AGUE OR MALARIA | Through mosquitoes which| Quartan about 3| Sudden -+| Three stages :-— | May reach 106° Varies with type ofSo longas the Parasites (1) Aim at the extermination of mosquitoes of, There are three types of malaria due to (Ague & Malaria) bite infected persons and| “weeks (1) Hae ; He fever: | are to be found in| alive | parasites. _ Bie popularly believed) Jong afterwards convey| Benign Tertian (2) Cold the blood. (2) Protect from mosquito bites by always using) Two are readily cured by quinine. 1 to be different are) the parasite to healthy! 2 weeks, | (3) Sweatin mosquito nets and suitable clothing. not. ¥ same disease). persons, Malignant Tertian e (3) Take quinine. The drug remains in the blood i 8-12 days. for four days, therefore 15 grains should be | . taken twice weekly, i} CuickEN-Pox +» By direct contact with a) 14 days Sudden vil On: fret day of illness red pimples) On back, chest,| Not usually above 100°. Scabs form 4 to 7 days . 2 weeks - --| Isolation and disinfection. 20 days. person suffering from the appear in crops, rapidly passing) abdomen, and about 4th day) disease. into little pearly blisters. covered parts. of fever. CHOLERA : From excreta, through|3 to6days ..| Sudden Three stages :— (1) Drink nothing but tea or boiled water. 5 to 10 days. milk, water, food, dust, (1) Diarrhea, (2) Avoid raw fruits and uncooked vegetables. flies, or clothing. | (2) Vomiting, cramps, rice-water There is usually no A few hours to Till stools are free from (3) Seek medical advice for the slightest digestive stools, suppression of urine and | fever. ‘ several days. Cholera bacilli. disturbances. . | | collapse. | | : | | jad rae | | (8) Re-action. | | | eee = = —<— —$<— | ae | - PS DIPHTHERIA. (OR| Through breath, also car-|2to }days. Oft-| Gradual Ba (1) Sore throat. Up to 100° | Variable .. -. Person may be infective) Isolation and disinfection. Antitoxin is a good! 12 days. SO-CALLED MEM-| ried by cats and fowls. enest 2 days .. | (2) Difficulties of swallowing. for 6 weeks. | preventive, BRANEOUS CROUP,) (3) Paralysis of throat muscles rend-| ering swallowing difficult and | giving a peculiar twang to voice | | 2 ie Sas a = ot | | = 4 a ; DYSENTERY ++| Same as Enteric Fever Bacillary:— | Gradual on Three characteristic symptoms in| | Never high | Variable Whilst the Baci/i or| (1) Isolation. (2) Disinfection of excreta. There are two varieties. One due to B | 36 hours to 7) | acute cases :-— | | Amebe which cause the other to a minute animal called 1 ‘ days. (1) Diarrhea, | the disease are to be Histolytica. . r | Amebe: 3—12 | (2) Cramps and straining. | found in the stools. 4 weeks. | (3) Blood or mucus in stools. | | | Blood is by no means always pre- | sent in true dysentery. oe = Fe a= = = = “. : = ee 2 — = ENTERIC OR From excreta, through! 14 to 21 days ..| Gradual A few rose-coloured raised spots.) On abdomen Lower in morning than) Variable 21 days or longer. | A month or longer. (1) Isolation. (2) Disinfect most strictly all urin} All contacts and nurses who have been nursing TYPHOID FEVER, milk, water, food, dust ) Frontal headache, lassitude, pea evening. and stools, and everything that has touched cases of enteric should be quarantined for a or flies. INFLUENZA etc. Readily carried enest 3 days. fromm place to plece in trains, etc. | GERMAN MEASLES..| Direct contact | | Gradual soup stools, or constipation. Herpes or ‘Breaking out of a cold” Herpes, if present, is common. Diffuse red, bluish or, appears round the) purplish mottling are sometimes mouth. seen, vous variety. (1) Catarrhal :—affecting respiratory tract from nose to lungs. (2) Nervous :—headache, backache and prostration. | (3) Intestinal :—diarrhea and vom-| to type of fever. ay | Round or oval slightly raised spots, Face, then chest and pink in colour, appear on Ist day., gradually spreads to whole body. iting. | (4) Feverish :—may simulate typhoid) | _ or enteric. t 100° highest Third day A | 4 to 5 days , 1 1 week .. | the patient. (3) Preventive (4) Habitually avoid all fruit without and uncooked vegetables. skins, month, Nearly every variety of ill-health has been said to follow influenza, if neglected. If treated early, complete recovery is the rule. 20 days. HyYDROPHOBIA + Bites of infected animals,7 days to 2 Restlessness, inability or difficulty i There are two types in animals ;— (1) Cauterise bites of all dogs, etc., with afluic) A dog or cat which had bitten a per-on snoud dogs, wolves and cats. years ; usually | in swallowing. Convulsions of (1) Furious.—Characterised by restlessness, irritability and caustic, such as nitric or carbolic acid. not be destroyed but kept under observation 6 weeks, | | throat and respiratory muscles fol- altered bark. Fear of water is not a symptom, Animal) (2) Preventive inoculation at Pasteur Institute. for ten days. low. Death is due to suffocation tears and worries unusual substances. | or exhaustion. (2) Paralytic.—Characterised by paralysis of jaws, loins, | and hindlegs. = | - _ =— | = = 2 = | MEASLES - By the breath -|1to2 weeks ..| Sudden Appears on fourth day of disease. Behind ears and) Upto 103° .. On 7th day of} 10 days - Three weeks. Is very! Disinfection and isolation. 16 days. Very infectious during catarrhal stage Dull red blotches, velvety to touch, on forehead and e fever. infective before rash) before rash appears. face. appears. —— = > } | = aaa =o - Mumps By direct contact. . -+| 14 to 21 days Sudden +, Painful swellings behind angles of None | Up to 101° 7 to 10 days 2 weeks (1) Isolation. (2) Disinfection. Do not treat 12 days. | | jaws. Difficulty in opening the as trivial malady, as Indians sometimes | | mouth. | | die of the disease. ze = | | — = =. 2 a = | = | =| ee Bo ~— PLAGUE -| Indirectly from rats) 3hours to 15, Sudden Arash resembling flea bites is com-| Face or chest | Varies with type. Variable About a month.| 6 to 8 weeks .. (1) Isolation and disinfection. 12 days, through fleas. Possibly! days. Usually mon, but not constant. | There are three varie- | Many cases die! \ (2) Destruction of rats. * through air, 2 to 8 days. ties :—1 Bubonic. on 3rd to 5th day. (3) Preventive inoculation. 2. Septicemic. (4) Protection of feet and hands and abrased sur-| | 3. Pneumonic faces. = | e. = — ui ie | | z eee = = PNEUMONIA -+|Through air, sputum, food,, 16hours to5days., Sudden ++| Rigors, cough, headache, and rusty) Herpes round nose) Very high On Crisis may be ex-| 14 days ..| Isolation and careful disinfection. 7 days. . | or, indirectly, through ey ) sputum. | is common. pected on 6th to third person. | | | 8th day. a — a | | = = ee “di —— Ea ee < —— eo ta aa agai ReraPsinG FEvER. Direct contact or through| 4 to 10 days Very sudden Rigors, giddiness, high fever .| Flea-bite-like spots High .. Be .| Variable Fever lasts for a, 6 weeks Avoidance of overcrowding and poor dietary ;| 14 days. bites of infected bugs or appear all over! week, Ends by disinfection. : fleas. ° + body. | crisis, and after a | week starts all over | | again. As many “ | 7 as five relapses may occur. Y : -| = — ie at = es SMALL-POX,. . Through air, from the| 14 days ++, Sudden. B.ckache Small red pimples becoming pocks, Face and exposed) High at onset, drops} Scabs formon9th| 14 to 21 days About a month. A! All persons coming in contact with cases must| 16 days, skin and breath. : very marked. similar to those seen in vac- parts. | when rash appears,) or 10th day and corpse is as infectiveas| be vaccinated. cination, appear on 3rd day. _ and rises when matter| begin to fall off a living person. Thi x | | appears in pocks. on 14th day. dead are dangerous. | | . = = | wi a x — ——— SS SCARLET-FEVER. By breath, mucous dis-2to7 days ..| Sudden . -- On second day bright scarlet mott-| On chest .. | Upto 105°. -|On 5th day of 10 days if there are) 6 to 8 weeksor until] Isolation and disinfection. 10 days. (Scarlatina isnot charges, : lothing, books, | | ling. Cheeks look as if they ‘had fever, no complications.| ‘‘ peeling’ has ceased. «J a different and mild-| and scales from skin. been rouged and there is a —— Sed oni - er form of the dis- marked pale circle round the 7 ease, but merely mouth, the Latin for Scar- i . let Fever.) . . ‘ ? . = ae =. . ———— ___ | : TUBERCULOSIS -| Through air, from spu um Uncertain ..| Gradual -| Fever, Debility, Wasting, Cough. Slight, early in the Variable In tubercle of lungs,| (1) Isolation of infected person. 21 days. or milk, Hemorrhage from the lungs. disease. exists throughout the] (2) Disinfection of clothing, etc. | disease. (3) Efficient inspection of milch cows. 1 = = » =. = a Typuus or Camp! Through bugs. 12 days Sudden Mulberry coloured spots, ‘“‘parrot;Abdomen and upyer| May reach 107° ..| End of 2nd week./ Crisis on 14th day, 5 weeks.. Isolation and disinfection. 16 days. FEVER. } tongue,” flushed face and delirium. part of chest. followed by rapid « | convalescence. . “ YELLow FEVER .. “Through special breed of 2to5 days ..| Sudden Three or four days fever followed by The whole body) Very high .| Yellow coloration] Mild cases a week: Only infective 2nd and/ (1) Destroy the special mosquito. (2) Prevent} Mosquito only able to infect twelve days afte “a mosquitoes called the | black vomit and bloody urine. turns yellow. persists through-| severe, a fortnight) 3rd day of fever. its access to water tanks. (3) Mosquitonets| becoming contaminated. : Stegomyia. » | out the disease. | or longer, ; , | ‘< [ : aa — Mata Fever . Through goat's milk . 6 to 17 days Gradual Headache, Boneache, Rheumatic in- | Gradual rise to 104° Average is 4 Avoid goat's milk. The British residents at Malta! 16 days. flammation of joints. Gradual fall to nor- months, now use only tinned or dried milk, mal with one or more or: | relapses, Wsoopinc Covcn.. Through breath or cloth-4 to 14 days or| Gradual. Commences Child coughs until it is blue in the There is usually only 6 weeks or longer. | Whilst whoop persists, | Isolation and disiniection of sputum, clothing| 21 days to allow for cases ing. Rarely carried by) longer. asa common cold face and then whoops. Vomiting slight fever at the ete, ae: ¥ delayed. > | murses or governesses, in which cough is) often occurs after coughing. Fits commencement, i , = * = from patient to patient. usually incessant. usually occur four or five times. ‘\ daily; but in severe cases they may H occur every half hour. Few diseas- . es are more painful to witness, B | a to = Os > s
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