The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein ; authorised translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions, by Baron Ferd. von Mueller.

  • Georg Christian Wittstein
Date:
1878
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein ; authorised translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions, by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    liygroscopic, precipitates the salts of oxyd of iron with a beautiful gi-een colour. Rumiciii=CHRYS0PHANic Acid. Kutill or Uutic Aci(l=C5o H2S O30 + 4 HO. Glucosid of Ruta graveolens, of the flower-buds of Capparis spinosa, of the Waifa (the flower-buds of Sophora japonica). Formerly confounded with Cjuercitrin. The safflower-yellow is, according to Stein, uncrystal- lisable Rutin, as likewise the pigments of straw, of ^thalium, of Hippophae, and of Fagopyrum [also, according to Mylius, of Sedum acre]. Boil the herb of cultivated rue with vinegar, press and let rest; wash the slowly forming Rutin with cold water, boil with a mixture of 1 pt. acetic acid and 4 pts. water, filter, allow to crys- tallise, wash the crystals, dissolve in boiling alcohol, treat the solution with animal charcoal, filter and let crystallise.—Forms light-yellow, fine needles of a feeble, silky gloss, inodorous and tasteless, bitter in solution; neutral; loses its water at 160°, con- glutinates at 190°, fuses and becomes carbonized with a smell of burnt sugar; dissolves scarcely in cold, in 185 pts. of boiling water, little in cold absolute alcohol, readily in boiling alcohol of 76 %, not in ether, readily in alkalies and in alkaline earths, and repre- cipitable unaltered by acids; yields on heating with diluted acids sugar and quercetin. Sabadillic Acid. Peculiar volatile fat-acid of the melanthaceous group of Liliacese, especially observed in the seeds of Schoenocaulon officinale and of Colchicum autumnale, and in the root of Yeratrum Album. Treat j)referably the seeds of Schoenocaulon (or Sabadilla) with ether, evaporate the solution, saponify the fixed oil, which has separated, with potash-ley, decompose the soap with tartaric acid, distil the aqueous liquid, saturate the distillate with baryta -and distil the desiccated Sabadillate of baryta with concentrated phosphoric acid.—The S. acid sublimates in white needles of mother-of-pearl lustre, fusible at 20° of the odour of butyric acid, soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Sal)a(lillin=C2o H13 NO 5. Alkaloid, associated with veratrin in the seeds of Schoenocaulon officinale. Is obtained by extracting with alcohol, distilling the tincture, dissolving the remnant in diluted sulphuric acid, digesting the solution with animal charcoal, and precipitating with caustic potash. The deposit consists of veratrin, Sabadillin, and sabadillin-hydrate, and contains besides two, not basic substances (only one of which, the helonin, has been closely investigated). To separate these substances, redissolve the deposit in diluted sulphuric acid, add nitric acid as long as a black, pitch-like deposit is produced, precipitate the filtered solution with potash-ley, wash the deposit, dry, dissolve in absolute alcohol, «vaporate the solution and boil the remnant with water, veratrin