The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein ; authorised translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions, by Baron Ferd. von Mueller.

  • Georg Christian Wittstein
Date:
1878
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein ; authorised translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions, by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    soda, evaporated to dryness, and the remaining salt distilled with sulphuric or better phosphoric acid, when Salicylous acid ])asses over first and salicylic acid sublimates afterwards in long needles. The liquid distillate is desiccated by chloride of calcium, and rectified,— Colourless, oily liquid, smells pleasantly aromatic, somewhat like bitter almonds; has a burning aromatic taste, congeals at —20° to a ti-anslucent crystalline mass; has a density of ri73, boils between 160° and 170°; reddens litmus-paper first, and bleaches it afterwards; dissolves copiously in water, in every proportion in alcohol and ether; in alkalies with yellow colour; the aqueous solution, even when largely diluted, colours the salts of oxyd of iron i)urple-violet. The Salicylites of the alkalies are yellow and moderately soluble, and give the same reaction with oxyd of ii-on compounds as the free acid. Tae Salicylites of the other metallic bases are for the greater part insoluble in water. [Samaderill. De Vry's Glucosid (?) of the bark of Samadera indica. Obtained by treating the alcoholic extract with water, digesting the aqueous liquid with charcoal, and exhausting the latter by hot alcohol.—Is extremely bitter, and only obtained in the amorphous state.] Saiirtal-Rert=SANTALiN. Saildarac. Hesinous exudation of Callitris quadi'ivalvis. Pale- yellow grains, similar to mastic, but not softening in the mouth, readily soluble in alcohol of 80%, also in ether. By treating with cold alcohol of 60%, one-third remains undissolved (sandaracin). It contains three resins, one of which is precipitable fi'om the alcoholic solution by alcoholic potash, while the two other ones are separable by alcohol of 60%, Saii»,uiiiariii=Chelerythrin, rSailtal=Ci6 He Oß. Obtained by Weidel from sandal-wood {Pterocarpus santalinus) by exhausting with boiling water, con- taining a little potash; precipitating with hydrochloric acid; dis- solving the precipitate in boiling alcohol, and allowing to crystal- lise.—Forms colourless crystals, devoid of taste or smell, not soluble in water, benzol, chloroform, sulphide of carbon, and but sparingly in ether; yields with potash a faintly yellow solution, which soon turns red and green.] Sailtalill or Sautalic Aci(l=C3o Hu Oio. The red pigment of the wood of Pterocarpus santalinus. Boil the ethereous or the alcoholic extract with water, the S. remaining undissolved.— Forms microscopic, beautifully red prisms, inodorous and taste- less, of an acid reaction; fuses at 104°, decomposes above the fusing point; is insoluble in water, dissolves readily in alcohol with blood-red, in ether with yellow colour, less in fixed and in volatile oils, readily in acetic acid and precipitable therefrom by