The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein ; authorised translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions, by Baron Ferd. von Mueller.

Georg Christian Wittstein

Date:: 1878

Credit: The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein ; authorised translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions, by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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$mass remains, which does not dissolve in cold and only sparingly in boiling water; it is transparent, yellow and brittle when dry, and swells up in water. It dissolves readily in alcohol, acetic acid and caustic alkalies, not in ether, oils and other diluted acids; is not precipitable by tannic acid. Califoi'llill. Neutral, bitter substance of the so-called Quina California (from Cascarilla hexandra). Extract the bark with alcohol, evaporate the extract, dissolve in water, precipitate the solution by acetate of lead, filter, remove from the liquid the excess of lead by sulphuret of hydrogen, evaporate, treat with strong alcohol, agitate with charcoal, filter and add ether, which precipi- tates the Californin. When dry, it is gold-yellow, amorphous, dissolves abundantly in water and alcohol, not in ether; of salicin-like taste, does not become coloured with sulphuric acid; not precipitable by tannic acid, chloride of platinum, chloride of mercury, chloride of iron and acetate of lead. Calluiia, Tannic Acirt=Ci4 H7 0 . In Calhma vulgaris. The alcoholic extract of the herb is distilled, the residue mixed with water, filtered, and precipitated by acetate of lead. The sediment has to be treated with diluted acetic acid, the filtered solution is precipitated boiling hot with sub-acetate of lead, and the deposit decomposed under water by sulphuret of hydi'Ogen ; the liquid is filtered and evaporated in a cux-rent of carbonic acid gas. Amber-yellow mass, dissolves in water and alcohol, gi-eens the salts of oxyd of iron. Canil)llor=C2o H16 O2. Contained in all parts of Cinna- momum Camphora; obtained by distilling with water and sublimating- the raw product. A tough, white, transparent or translucid substance of crystalline-granular structure of the octahedrons form, of a peculiar, penetrating smell and bitter, ai-omatic taste, of 0-988 to 0-998 specific gi-avity at ordinary temperature, at 0°=zl-000, fuses at 175°, boils at 204° and sublimates undecomposed, dissolves in about 1000 parts water, most readily in alcohol, ether, wood-spirit, aceton and oils. Cani])]l0r Oil (volatile) from Cinnamomum Camphora. Of sherry-colour, has a densityzzO-945, deposits much camphor in the cold and when left to evaporate by itself. By repeated rectifi- cations a distillate free fi'om camphor is obtainedzzCao Hie 0, which is as clear as water, of great light-refracting power and very mobile, of the odour of camphor and oil of cajeput and of 0-91 specific gravity, and leaving a resin but no camphoi', when allowed to evaporate spontaneously. Caniplior Oil from Borneo, obtained from Dryobalanops. /See BoKNEiiN.$