Marriage and parentage, education, and kindred subjects / O.S. Fowler.

  • Orson S. Fowler
Date:
1889
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Marriage and parentage, education, and kindred subjects / O.S. Fowler. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    blue expanse, yet their ideas and systems were crude and vague, and it remained for those in more modern times to systematise, arrange, and perfect. 10. Formerly many theories prevailed. One was called the Ptolemaic, because Ptolemy, an Egyptian philosopher, maintained that the earth was the centre of the whole solar system, and was at rest, or stationary, while the sun and all the planets revolved around it. This theory was believed for many ages, but was finally discarded. 11. Copernicus, on the contrary, declared that the sun was the centre of the solar system, and that the earth and all the other planets revolved around it. This theory was at first supposed to be very erroneous, and Copernicus was threatened with banishment, and even death, if he did not deny his belief in it; but, as truth is mighty and will prevail, and as ridicule and persecu- tion have tried in vain to arrest the progress of any newly-discovered science, so the principles of Astronomy are now universally disseminated, and the Copernican system is the one that is believed to be the true one. 12. Since the fifteenth century there have been many advocates discoverers in Astronomy; among them, the most distinguished Copernicus, Galileo, Keplar, Tycho Brahe, Newton, Dr. Nichols, and the Herschels, in Europe. In America, we have Professor Mitchell, in Cincinnati; Professor Olmsted, Hon. Walter Folger, Hon. William Mitchell, besides many others. and are two DEFINITIONS. 13. In every science there are many terms used peculiar to that science. These are called technical terms, and require an explanation before they are understood. . ,, , . „ 14. When we speak of the vertebrae of the spine, the ribs, or the heart, we use the technical terms which belong to the science of Physiology. 15. When we call the leaves of a flower the petals, the slender threads inside of it the stamens and pistils, we use the technical terms which belong to ^°16AWhen we speak of the organs of the brain, such as Comba,tiveness, Self-Esteem, and Inhabitiveness, we use the technical terms which belong 17 The more we are acquainted with the different sciences, the more evident this will appear. In Astronomy, as in all other branches of know- ledge, there are many terms or names which require to be explained.. These must not be only learned, but remembered, so that when they are aaain mentioned you will be able to understand them. . . 18. Axis, or Diameter, is an imaginary straight line passing from south, through the centre of the earth. ...... , • 19. The Poles are the ends or the extremities of this line, and ^e mnety degrees distant from the centre. One is called the North Pole, the other 1 h2(JS°Ti™Equator is a circle drawn around the earth, from west to east, which passes through the centre at right angles with the diameter. H divides the earth into half-circles, which are called hemispheres. Every mrcle * divided into three hundred and sixty parts called degrees. If the circle be small there are iust as many degrees, but each one is smaller. 21.'Meridians are circles which cross the Equator and pass throug P°22S Parallelstop°LATiTUDE are small circles parallel to the Equator. The t atitude of any place is its distance north or south from the Equator. 93 The Longitude of a place is its distance from some standard mend. , reckonedon the Equator. The meridian generally taken as a standard, » that of Greenwich, near London.
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