The four bovine scourges : pleuro-pneumonia, foot-and-mouth disease, cattle plague, tubercle (scrofula) : with an appendix on the inspection of live animals and meat / by Thomas Walley.

  • Walley, Thomas, 1842-1894
Date:
1879
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The four bovine scourges : pleuro-pneumonia, foot-and-mouth disease, cattle plague, tubercle (scrofula) : with an appendix on the inspection of live animals and meat / by Thomas Walley. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.

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    and, as in encysted pleuro-pneumonia lung, the inner surface of this boundary wall frequently becomes very active—granulations forming and interpenetrating the tuber- culous mass. In some instances these softened masses coalesce, and, if the boundary wall preserves its integrity, form large tubercular abscesses, the contents of which, owing to the absorption of the fluids, may again become dry and caseous ; but if the cyst wall becomes the seat of ulceration (a comparatively common occurrence), a communication is formed with the nearest bronchial tube, and the contents evacuated into it, subse- quently being expelled by expectoration or coughing. In these cases the boundary waU is frequently very hypergemic, with numerous small yellow nodules adhering to its interna] surface, and evidence of recent haemorrhage (Fig. 38, Plate IX.) I have in my possession a specimen of concurrent hydatid disease and tubercle, in which a communication exists—by ulceration—between the hydatid cyst and the tuberculous cavity. After the contents of a tuberculous cavity are evacuated, its sides collapse, become adherent, and produce a distinct puckering (cicatrix) on the pleural surface, which (Fig. 37, Plate IX.) can be readily distinguished from other cicatrices by the presence of infiltrated tuberculous matter in the surrounding tissues. The condition of the adjacent lung-structure will depend upon the activity of the process and the amount of compression exerted by the tuberculous masses and the hyperplastic tissues. If the compression is not great and the process slow, the lobules may be very little altered in structure, but if the opposite conditions obtain, they are usually more or less solidified—i.e., imperfectly hepatised or carneified (Fig. 2, h, Plate X.), and frequently replaced by new fibroid tissue, which, in its turn, as shown in Fig. 2, d, Plate X., may become invaded by Tubercle from a contiguous centre. Collapse of the lower borders of the lungs is common, as is also emphysema of the lungs. In very severe cases and advanced stages aU semblance of lung-structure, as already indicated, is lost, a section revealing large tracts of new connective (frequently indurated, and sometimes semi-cartilaginous) tissue, masses of calcareous, intermingled with others of caseous, material; and, in rare instances, large quantities of fat, with occasional pigmentation of the new tissue (Fig. 2, Plate X.) The lung from which this section was obtained weighed upwards of 60 lbs.; it was removed from the thorax of a four- years'-old ox, the carcase being in prime condition; the other lung, however, was but very slightly invaded, and the tuberculous masses in the diseased organ were all obsolete. In some instances we find caseous centres of various sizes, with Miliary Tubercle developed, within a limited area, around their circumference, as the result of avio- inoculation by the lymphatics. If the arteries become involved in the process, minute ulcerations can be detected in the internal coats.