Anatomia uteri humani gravidi : tabulis illustrata = the anatomy of the human gravid uterus exhibited in figures / auctore Gulielmo Hunter = William Hunter.

  • Hunter, William, 1718-1783.
Date:
1851
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Anatomia uteri humani gravidi : tabulis illustrata = the anatomy of the human gravid uterus exhibited in figures / auctore Gulielmo Hunter = William Hunter. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    H Thoracis margo, ad latus scrobieuli cordis sinistrum, peritoneo et musculis inversis tectus. I Cartilago mucronata. KK Coste inferiores, partesque cceterze continentes sectione longitudinali sejunctee, adeo ut, iis quze sectionem et scrobieulum cordis interjacerent remotis, viscera hypochondrii dextri sese videnda offerrent. L Pars ima atque posterior cavi dextri thoracis. M Norta descendens, eo loco, quo cadaver transverse discissum fuerat, deligata ; nec non, colorata cera impleta. N . (Esophagus ibidem deligatus. O Superficies superior convexa diaphragmatis; quod, pleura tectum, in situ suo naturali manet. P Diaphragmatis centri tendinei pars quz in dextro latere sita est. Q Vene cave inferioris truncus, juxta diaphragmatis superfieiem superiorem deligatus. RR Pleure secte margo, loco quo reflexa de superficie superiori diaphragmatis faciem internam costarum contegebat. SS Peritonei secti margo, loco quo scilicet a. superficie diaphragmatis inferiori, membrane investientis more, ad faciem internam musculorum abdominis cursum tenebat. Superficies inter margines pleurze ( R) et peritonei (S S) connexio est dia- phragmatis ex facie interna costarum dirupta. T Facies interna musculi transversi peritoneo tecta. U Hepatis lobus magnus, vel dexter ; in cujus crepidine, ex adverso literz U, exiguam videre est fossulam, quam vesiceula fellis figure sus aptaverat, faciei internz hepatis hie loci apposita. V Hepatis lobus parvus, in hypochondrium sinistrum sese extendens. JW Ligamentum hepatis faleiforme, seu vens umbiliealis reliquiz, loco quo fissuram hepatis intrat, recisum. X Colon ex exco ad hepar sursum transiens. YY Colon, cum appendiculis suis adiposis, sinistrorsum currens, hepar inter et intestina tenula. ZZ Omenti principium vel radix, quod ex intervalo hepatis et intestinorum tenuium nascitur. aaaa lllorum intestinorum tenuium gyri aliqui, omento paulo infra marginem hepatis exseisso, in conspectum veniunt. b ^ Uterus. In facie ejus externa, venas, aliquantulum obscurius, notare licet. Hze, cum eadaver primum apertum posui, cera etsi impletze, colore tantum dis- tinguebantur. Tempore autem quo tabula hzc erat delineata, vente, parte jam arefacta, sese magis projiciebant, ut in figura quodammodo se videndas offerunt. Ligamentum rotundum in inguen descendens. Tuba fallopiana, juxta faciem internam ossis ilium retrorsum currens. e Tube extremitas fimbriata, pone latus uteri jacens, hie paululum educta, nempe utconspiciatur. Ligamentum rotundum inter et tubam, vasa spermatica; presertim vena, conspiciuntur, ad partem uteri anteriorem, cui placenta adhzre- bat precipue tendentia. &, o f Uteri angulus prominens, loco quo fetus nates, utero nondum adaperto, tactu sentire licebat. N.B. Costis nothis lateris dextri remotis, ille quz ad latus erant sinistrum, ex vi resiliendi, marginem thoracis (H) et exinde cartilaginem ensiformem ele- varunt ; unde facies ejus anterior in dextrum latus oblique tendebat. Figura hae nondum delineata uterum observavi sensim subsedisse; qua- propter ope quam minim: cannule, uterum, spiritu vinoso injiciendo, in pris- tinam figuram restituere conatus sum. H — The margin of the chest at the left side of the scrobiculus cordis, covered by the peritoneum and muscles, which are turned over it. I The ensiform cartilage. x 1 KK The lower ribs and other containing parts, cut down longitudinally, by which means all the parts between this section and the scrobiculus cordis were re- moved, that the viscera of the right hypochondrium might be exposed to view. L The posterior and lower part of the right cavity of the chest. M . The trunk of the descending aorta, tied up where it was cut, and filled with injection. y N — The esophagus, tied up at the same place. O Theupper convex surface of the diaphragm, which remains covered by the pleura, in its natural situation. - s - P ^ That part of the centrum tendinosum of the diaphragm which is in the right side. ' Q The trunk of the lower cava tied, close to the upper surface of the dia- phragm. : RR The cut edge of the pleura, where it was reflected, from the upper surface of the diaphragm, to line the inside of the ribs. Án. | SS The cut edge of the peritoneum, where it was continued as an investing membrane from the inferior surface of the diaphragm, to the inside of the abdominal muscles. The surface which is seen between the edge of the pleura (R R) and that of the peritoneum (S S) is the attachment of the diaphragm cut off from the inside of the ribs. ; T The inside of the transversus muscle covered with the peritoneum. [ U The great, or right lobe of the liver; at the lower edge of which, over against the letter U, there is a small notch formed by the concave bed of the gall- bladder, which lies upon the inside of the liver at this place. V — The small lobe of the liver, which stretches over into the left hypochondrium, and is therefore seen im perspective. LEN L W The faleiform ligament, or remains of the umbilical vein, cut off as it enters the fissure of the hiver. X The colon passing up from the czecum to the liver. Y Y The colon with its appendicule adipose running towards the left side, be- tween the liver and small guts. : ZZ The beginning or root of the omentum, coming downwards from the inter- stice of the liver and small guts. ] aaaa Some turns of those small intestines brought to view by cutting off the omentum a little below the edge of the liver. : ! b —'The womb. Upon its surface we can trace, though obscurely, its veins. These, though injected, were distinguishable only by their colour when the subject was first opened. But when this drawing was made, the part, having been some time in the air, had become a little dry, and the veins projected, as they appear in the figure. The round ligament running down to its passage into the groin. The fallopian tube running backwards on the inside of the os ilium. e . The fimbriated end of the tube, lying behind the side of the womb; but drawn a little out that it might be seen. Between the round ligament and the tube are seen the spermatic vessels, especially the vein, which go chiefly, or by the largest branches, to the forepart of the womb, where the placenta adhered. f | The prominent corner of the womb, where the buttocks or loins of the child were distinctly felt before the part was opened. N.B. The false ribs of the right side having been removed, those of the left side, by their elasticity, raised up the margin of the chest (I7) and consequently the ensiform cartilage; the anterior surface of which was thereby turned ob- liquely to the right side. Just before this figure was made, I had observed that the womb had insen- sibly subsided, and therefore by the cannula of a very small trocar I injected some spirits to raise it up, as nearly as I could guess, to the figure it had when the abdomen was first opened. & ^ TABULA III. PanmIS trunci inferioris prospectus; oculo scilicet a parte sinistri lateris su- periori, oblique deorsum ita collineato, ut universa viscerum compages, una cum diaphragmate, in situ suo naturali appareret. AA — Femur sinistrum. Uteri prominentia femur dextrum oculo subtrahit. B Clunis sinistra. C . Integumentorum et musculorum abdominis, lateris sinistri, angulus inferior i inguen et femur inversus. DD Integumentorum et musculorum abdominis sectio transversa. EE Partium abdominis continentium sectio longitudinali, ab ilium osse sursum ducta. Hac sectione angulus superior partium continentium omnino aufertur, ut viscera hypochondri sinistri in conspectu ponantur. FF Partum thoracis continentium posteriorum sectio transversa. G Vertebra transverse scissa. H . Medulla spinalis. II Cavorum thoracis partes inferiores posticz, quz, pulmonibus sublatis, vacuze conspici possunt. KK Diaphragma superficiem convexam hepatis complectens. L Cartilago mucronata, diaphragmati adhuc adhzerens. M . Diaphragmatis ad latus dextrum convexitas magna; quz in hoc cadavere, parte huie consentanea in latere sinistro elatior comparuit. Ibi etiam vasa nonnulla conspiciuntur; quorum majora, venz scilicet phrenicz, cera impleta sunt a vena cava ; hinc altius extantia. N . Diaphragmatis superficies, qua pericardio annectitur, queque cor sustinet. O Vena cava, ubi per diaphragma transit, deligata. P (Esophagus supra diaphragma deligatus. Hunc cera injecta, dum per arterias fluebat, materia colorante amissa, in ventriculum transiens, implevit. Q Aorta, eodem modo, ubi corporis truncus transverse fuerat scissus, supra diaphragma, deligata. (Esophagus et aorta, una cum spin: prominentia, cavum satis magnum in diaphragmatis parte postica et superiori efficiunt. RSTU Diaphragma in hypochondrio sinistro recisum. Ex parte posteriori labia (TU) ejusdem fissurz in diaphragmate mutuo recedunt; et ex parte anteriori veniant. W W Ventriculi extremitas sinistra. XX Lienis margo anterior denticulatus. PLATE III. A viEw, from the left side and downwards, of the lower part of the trunk ; so prepared as to show the whole mass of the bowels, with the diaphragm, in their natural situation. A — Theleft thigh. The right thigh is covered from our view by the projection of the womb. B The left buttock. C . Thelower flap of the integuments and abdominal muscles on the left side, turned down over the groin and thigh. DD The section of the integuments and muscles, made by the transverse incision of the belly. EE Alongitudinal section of the containing parts of the belly, carried upwards from the os ilium, or posterior extremity of the transverse incision, parallel to the spine ; whereby the upper flap of the contaiing parts is entirely removed, to show the viscera of the left hypochondrium. FF ^Atransverse section of the posterior containing parts of the chest. G . The body of the vertebra cut through. H . Thespial marrow. II 'The lower posterior parts of the cavities of the chest, which are seen empty, the lungs being removed. KK The diaphragm, embraemg the convex surface of the liver. L The ensiform cartilage left adhering to the diaphragm. M . The great convexity of the diaphragm in the right side, which in this subject was much higher than the analogous part in the left. Upon this part some vessels are seen: the larger are the phrenie veins, which were filled with wax from the cava, and are therefore prominent. The surface of the diaphragm, where the pericardium is united with it and upon which the heart rests. i The vena cava tied, as it passes through the diaphragm. The cesophagus, tied above the diaphragm. It was filled by the injection, which passed, without the red colour, from the arteries into the stomach. The aorta, in the same manner tied above the diaphragm, where the trunk of the body was cut through. The osophagus and aorta, as well as the projection of the spine, make a considerable notch upon the upper posterior part of the diaphragm. RSTU The diaphragm, slit up in the left hypochondrium. | At the posterior part, the lips of the fissure in the diaphragm (T' U) recede from each other; and for- wards, the corners (RS) are inverted, to show the viscera in the left hypochon- drium, viz. W W 'lhe left, or great extremity of the stomach ; and XX The spleen: its anterior edge indented. EX UM cR