Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn.
- Sohn, Charles E.
- Date:
- 1894
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.
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![Crystallizes in prisms; M.P. 95°-98°. Resembles Atropine in physio- logical action. Soluble only with difficulty in water, although hygroscopic ; readily in ether and chloroform. Precipitants: Picric acid, yellow becoming crystalline. Mercuric potassic iodide, white flocculent. Mercuric chloride in alcohol, to the free base, red pp. (HgO). Colour test: Evaporated with nitric acid, then touched with drop of alcoholic potash when cold, yellow coloration. (g) HYOSCYAMINE A. (Duboisine; ' Commercial samples with latter name are frequently only scopolamine.'—Schmidt), C17H23N03 ; isomeric with Atropine, from which it differs only (according to Ladenburg's suggestion) as tartaric differs from racemic acid. Crys. in needles or plates if pure, otherwise amorphous ; M.P. 108° and slightly volatile ; feebly Isevo- rotatory. No odour if pure, otherwise tobacco-like. Dilates the pupil. Reaction alkaline, both to phenolphthalein as well as litmus (compare Atropine). Sharp and disagreeable taste. Soluble in hot water ; with difficulty in the cold (easier sol. when impure), in alcohol, amyl alcohol, ether, chloroform benzene. It is removed from alkaline solution by benzene and ether (not easily by latter). It may be obtained in the crystalline form from benzene (in needles), and from chloroform (in plates), but only amorphous from amyl alcohoi or ether. Precipitants : (Alkaline hydrates, only in part even with concentrated solutions). / ,, carbonates) N VAmmonia hydrate ) / Tannic acid, yellowish-white. Picric acid, yellow. [Not ferric chloride.] 'i Not Platinum chloride, unless concentrated (pp. sol. in excess— Drag^ndorff, 'Ermittelung der Gifte'). Gold chloride, yellowish white. [Not potassium ferrocyauide. ,, ferricyanide. ,, sulphoc\anide. „ chromate.] Phospho-molybdic acid, yellowish-white. Phospho-tungstic acid. Iodo-potassic iodide, orange. [Not potassic iodide alone.] Bismuth-potassic iodide, red amorphous. Cadmium-potassic iodide, 1 in 10,000. Mercuric-potassic iodide, white. Mercuric chloride. Iodine tincture. Colour tests (negative) : Concentrated sulphuric acid, colourless. ,, ,, ,, with sugar, no effect. ,, „ „ with potassium bichromate, discoloured. ,, nitric acid, colourless. ,, hydrochloric acid, colourless. Frdhde's solution. (<7'2) PSEUD0HY0SCYAMINE A, C17H2:!NO:!. Obtained by E. Merck from Duboisia myoporoi'des. Crys. needles ; M.P. 133°-134° (with decomposi- tion) ; lEevo-rotatory. Readily soluble in alcohol and chloroform ; with difficulty in water and ether. Yields, on hydrolysis, tropic acid and a base isomeric with Tropine. Gold chloride salt of Pseudohyoscyamine melts at 176° C. (/*) HY0SCINE A. (Sikeranine ; Scopolamine), C17H23N03 (Ladenburg), or C17HoiN04 (Hesse and Schmidt) ; amorphous; semi-fluid, giving crystalline salts ; M.P. about 55° (Hesse), or 59° (Schmidt) ; lasvo- rotatoiy : [a]D=-13-7]. Dilates the pupil. Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, and with difficulty in water. Removed from alkaline solution as atropine (see above). Precipitants: Gold chloride ; may be sepa- rated from commercial Hyos- cyamine by fractional pre- cipitation. Potassium ferrocyanide, white amorphous. [Not by potass. ferricyani<!e.J [Not by potass, sulphocyanide.] ,, ,, chromate]. Phospho-tungstic acid. Iodo-potassic iodide, pp. oily. [Not potassium iodide.] Mercuric-potassic iodide, yellow. Mercuric chloride, amorphous. No coloration with concentrated sulphuric acid. (/) ATR0PAMINE A, C17H21N02 ; stands to Hyoscine as does Apoatropine](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21503023_0028.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
