Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn.
- Sohn, Charles E.
- Date:
- 1894
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.
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![It reduces platinum chloride, copper sulphate, and Fehling's solutions. No precipitates are given by tartar emetic, alkaloids, or gelatin (dis- tinction from tannin). Concentrated sulphuric acid, warm, dissolves with purple-red colour. Nitric acid decomposes ; red fumes are evolved, and oxalic acid is produced. § 57. CEANOTHUS Americanus L. ; Rhamnacece ; N. America. The dried leaves constitute 'New Jersey tea'; the root bark contains 4 per cent, of the following alkaloid. Investigator: F. Gerlach, A mer. J. Pharm., 1891. CEANOTHINE A. Formula has not been ascertained; it contains nitrogen and closely resembles caffeine ; is crystalline, neutral, bitter, and melts at 190°. Forms salts only in acid solution. Soluble in chloroform and ether. Fehling's solution is reduced after boiling. §58. CEPHALANTHUS occidentalis (Swamp Dogwood) ; Rubiacece ; N. America. Investigators : Mohrberg and Claasen. CEPHALANTHIN G., C23H;!406 ; amorphous ; dextro-rotatory ; very bitter (1 in 25j000). On b .iling with acids, Cephalanthein, CJ6H28Oa (a crystal- line substance), and sugar are produced. Soluble in alcohol, amyl alcohol, and acetic ether ; with difficulty in ether, chloroform and water .(frothy solution). Fehling's solution reduced after boiling. CEP HA LIN G. ; crystalline, fluorescent (1 in 2,000,000). Yields sugar and Cephaletin, a crystalline substance giving fluorescent solutions with alkalies. Cephalin is soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform ; very difficultly so in water. Dissolved also by alkalies and ammonia. § 59. CERBERA ThevetiaL. (Thevetia neriifolia, Juss); A/locynacew ; the substances (a) and (b) ; investigators, De Yrij and Bias, N. Jahresb. Ph., 31, 1. Thevetia Ycotli, Apoci/itaceas, the substance (c) ; Herrera, Pharm. J. Trans., 1877. Cerbera Odollam, Apocynacece, the substances (d) and (e); G-reshoff, 1891. (a) THEVETIN G. (Cerberin ? see below), C54H84024 (?) ; crystallizes in microscopic plates ; laevo-rotatory ; M.P. 170°; bitter, poisonous; decom- poses with formation of Theveresin (see below) and sugar (?). Soluble in cold water (122 parts), in alcohol and glacial acetic acid ; not in ether. Gives no precipitates with metallic salts. Concentrated sulphuric acid, a reddish-brown, changing to cherry and then violet m a few hours ; water destroys the colour. (b) THEVERESIN, formed from above, is neutral, amorphous, resinous ; M.P. 140°. Soluble in alcohol, with difficulty in water, scarcely in ether, not in chloroform or benzene. Alkalies give yellow solutions. Concentrated sulphuric acid, the same colours as Thevetin. (c) THEVETOSIN G. ; crystallizes in four-sided prisms ; poisonous ; yields sugar and a resin. Insoluble in water, slightly in ether. (d) 0D0LLIN, poisonous. Soluble in water, alcohol, amyl alcohol. Insoluble in chloroform. Not precipitated by neutral lead acetate. Yiolet colour «ith concentrated sulphuric acid. (e) CERBERIN B. (compare Thevetin above); crystalline; nitrogen free ; neutral ; bitter and burning taste, poisonous ; non-glucosidal, but acids decompose ; M.P. 165°. Soluble in alcohol, chloroform, 80 per cent, ether, glacial acetic acid ; not in water. Concentrated sulphuric acid, violet colour (as with Odollin). § 60. CHiEROPHYLLUM bulbosum; Umbellifercer. Investigator: Polstorff, Arch. Pharm. [2], 18, 176. CH/EROPHYLLINE A. ; alkaline, volatile. The sulphate is soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Precipitated by Tannic acid. Picric acid. § 61. CHAMJELIRIUM luteum ; Melanthacece (Colchicacem); 10 per cent, of rhizome. Investigator: Greene, Amer. J. Ph., 50, 250. Chainaa- lirin was also found by Nevinny in a specimen of supposed East Tndian Ipecacuanha, but which he believes to have been derived from Helonius dioica (Liliacew). CHAM/ELI RIN G. ; amorphous, light yellowish-red ; bitter. Soluble in water (producing frothy solution), in alcohol and acetic acid;](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21503023_0038.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
