Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn.
- Sohn, Charles E.
- Date:
- 1894
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.
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![with difficulty in ether. Insoluble in chloroform, benzene, petroleum ether, carbon bisulphide. § 62. CHARA fcetida, palmella, oscillaria, nostoc ; Characece. Investi- gator : Phipson, Pharm. J. T., 162, 479. CHARACIN. Non-crystalline, fat-like, volatile substance ; ' marshy'odour ; floats on water. Soluble in ether and alcohol. § 63. CHELIDONIUM majus (Celandine), (a), (&), and Protopine, see Opium; Sanguinaria Canadensis (Puccoon, or Blood-root), (a), (b), and Protopine ; Glaucium luteum, (a), (e), (/) ; Macleya cordata (Bocconia cordata, native of .iapan), (a), and Protopine (Madevine) ; Eschscholzia Californica, Morphine, (a) probably, and two others (Walz); Stylophoron diphyllum, (b). Papaveracece. (a) CHELERYTHRINE A. (one of the two Macleya alkaloids; one of the Eschscholzia alkaloids ; Sanguinarine ? Schmidt gives C21 HI5N04 for Sanguinarine, and C.,]H]7N04for Chelervthrine, and states that the former gives red salts and the latter yellow ; otherwise the two alkaloids closely resemble each other. This is confirmed by G. K5nig. Commercial Sanguinarine was found by latter chemist to contain [in addition to Chelerythriue, which predominated] Protopine. Sanguinarine, and Homo- chelidonine) ; C2iH17N04 (E. Schmidt), or C19HI7N04 (Limpricht); crys. needles; alkaline reaction; liberates ammonia from its salts; bitter in alcoholic solution; fluorescent; optically inactive ; on heating, it becomes resinous at 65°. Salts are orange-coloured, and mostly soluble in water, possessing burning taste, and giving red coloration with acid vapours. Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, amyl alcohol, benzene, petroleum ether, fatty and volatile oils ; not in water. Precipitants: Alkaline hydrates, gray case- Potassium chromate. ous. Mercuric chloride, yellowish- Ammonin, gray caseous. white. Tannic acid, yellowish-red Iodine tincture. Gold chloride, dark red (M.P. I Magnesia. 233°). Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellowish-red. (b) CHEUDONINE A. (Stylophorine, P. Selle), C19Hl7N03 or C„0Hl9NO3 (F. Selle) ; crystallizes in plates with 2H„0 ; M.P. 130° ; volatile in steam, not poisonous in small doses, reaction alkaline, taste bitter. Soluble in amyl alcohol, chloroform, volatile, and fatty oils; scarcely in alcohol or ether except after long boiling. Insoluble in water. It is removed by chloroform from alkaline solution. (c) BETA-HOMO-CHELIDONINE, C21H?1N05=C19H15COCH3)2-N03 (E. Schmidt) ; monoclinic crystals ; M.P. 159°. Precipitated in solutions of 1 in 100 by : Phospho-tungstic acid. Cadmium-potassic iodide. Phospho-molybdic acid. Bromine water. Colour tests: Concentrated sulphuric acid, violet. Frohde's reagent, yellow-wviolet'vxgreen. (d) ALPHA-H0M0-CHELID0NINE A. (isomeric with preceding) ; C,9H, (OCH3)2N03 ; crystalline ; melting at 182°. Precipitated, as preceding base. Tannic acid also gives pp. soluble in excess. Colour tests: Concentrated sulphuric acid, yellow. Frohde's solution, dirty-brown green. (e) GLAUCOPICRINE A. ; amorphous or crystalline, giving crystalline salts (the hydrochloride, rhombic plates or prisms) ; alkaline, bitter. Soluble in water and alcohol ; with difficulty in ether. Precipitants: Alkaline hydrates. [Not neutral lead acetate.] Ammonia. | Tannic acid. Colour test : Concentrated sulphuric acid, dark green on warming. (/) GLAUCINE A., C^H^NOj ; pearly crystals ; melting below 100° C. ; reaction alkaline, taste sharp and bitter. Darkens on exposure. Soluble in alcohol, ether, and petroleum ether ; also in hot water, but scarcely in cold. The hydrochloride is insoluble in alcohol or ether ; the sulphate is soluble in alcohol. Precipitants: Alkaline hydrates. [Not neutral lead acetate.] Ammonia. Tannic acid. Colour tests : Concentrated sulphuric acid, blue-wviolet-wred ; after addition of water, ammonia gives a blue pp. (Battandier states that no violet colour is produced with pure unoxidized glaucine unless warmed. Concentrated sulphuric acid with mercuric nitrate gives rise to intense green strias on adding a crystal of glaucine.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21503023_0039.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
