Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn.
- Sohn, Charles E.
- Date:
- 1894
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Dictionary of the active principles of plants: alkaloids : bitter principles; glucosides; their sources, nature, and chemical characteristics / with tabular summary, classification of reactions, and full botanical and general indexes. By Charles E. Sohn. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.
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![Concentrated sulphuric acid witb nitric acid, no effect, or light yellow. Nitric acid alone, no effect, or very pale yellow. Acids in general, no pronounced colour. Frohde's reagent, no effect, or reddish-brown~v dirty green. (b) STAPHISAGRINE A., G.,H,5N05 (a mixture ? Charalampi) ; amor- phous ; M.P. 90° ; optically inactive, reaction alkaline, bitter. Soluble in 200 parts water, 855 ether, as well as in alcohol and chloro- form. Colour tests (uncertain) : Concentrated sulphuric acid, red«»~violet. (Muter says no effect.) „ „ ,, with sugar, brown. „ ,, ,, ,, nitric acid, no effect. ,, hydrochloric acid, no effect. Frohde's reagent, brown-wviolet. (No effect, Muter.) (c) DELPHINOIDINE A., C42H68N207 (?) ; amorphous ; M.P. 110M20 ; alkaline reaction, poisonous. Soluble in 178 parts 90 per cent, alcohol, 4 of ether sp. gr. 0728, or 37 absolute ether, 30 parts benzene, 9 petroleum ether ; also in chloroform, but scarcely in water. Chloroform and benzene remove from alkaline solution, and the latter traces even when the solution is acid. Colour tests: Concentrated sulphuric acid, reddish-brown. ,, ,, „ with bromine, violet. „ „ „ „ sugar, green. „ „ ,j nitric acid, no effect (Muter). Nitric acid alone, no pronounced colour. Acids generally, solution remains light coloured. Per-iodic acid, blood-red, gradually darkening. i, ., with sugar, brownish-green. Frohde's reagent, blood-red. (d) DELPHISINE A., C27H46N204 ; crystalline ; M.P. 189° (Charalampi) ; extremely poisonous. Soluble in 370 parts absolute alcohol, readily in chloroform, in 43 parts ether of sp. gr. 0728 or 71 parts absolute ether, 75 benzene, 665 petroleum ether ; slightly in water. . (e) CALCITRAP1NE A. Soluble in ether and chloroform. Reactions: Picric acid, pp. (at 1 in 1,000 after 6 hours). [Platinum chloride, cloud.] Gold chloride, yellow pp. Phospho-molybdic acid, yel. pp., becoming bluish-green after 24 hours. Bismuth potassic iodide, orange pp. Cadmium potassic iodide, pale yellow pp. Mercuric-potassic iodide, pp. yellow amorphous. Colour tests : Concentrated sulphuric acid, dark brown, changing to violet, then grayish-brown. Frohde's solution, olive-green, becoming grayish-yellow in 24 hours. § 92. DIGITALIS lutea and purpurea (Foxglove) ; Scrophidariacea. There is considerable divergence of opinion regarding the individuality and relative importance of the active principles of Digitalis, as will be noticed. (1) DIGITALIN G. (Nativelle's Digitalin [Walz's Digitalin differs greatly from this in solubility, see below] ; Nerianthin ? see Nerium), C4!,H730.,„ (?). ' Commercial Digitalin contains the four substances (1) to (4), but No. 2 principally ' (Schmiedeberg). ' Commercial Digitalin, crystallized, consists chiefly of Digitonin (3), which is useless medicinally ' (Kiliani). ' Crys- tallized Digitalin is a distinct chemical individual ; it is not necessary to denote it by Digitoxin, etc' (Arnaud). Acids produce dextrose, galactose, and Digitogenin (la). Prepared according to Nativelle's method, it crystallizes in fine needles ; M.P. 243° (Arnaud) ; neutral reaction, taste gradually bitter. Dilates pupil ; very poisonous. Solubility* in water very slight even boiling, N. (in 125 cold or 42 boiling, W.), 12 cold alcohol, 6 boilinsr, N. (2i cold, 1 to 2 parts boiling, W.), with difficulty in ether, N. (in 20,000 cold or 10,000 hot, W.). Miscible in all proportions with ordinary chloroform, but less soluble in pure chloro- form, Dragendorff (1 in 80, Schlimpert) ; dissolved with difficulty also by benzene and amyl alcohol. It is remove;! from acid solutions by immiscible solvents—benzene, ether, chloroform (partly), amyl alcohol (partly). Reactions (mostly negative) : [Not precipitated by neutral lead acetate] nor metallic salts (Fresenius). Tannic acid, pp. Picric acid, not at 1 in 3,000. Gold chloride, crystalline pp. ; at first clear at 1 in 3,000. * N. = Nativelle; W. = Walz. 7](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21503023_0061.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
