Tables of physical and chemical constants and some mathematical functions / by G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby.

  • G. W. C. Kaye
Date:
1911
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Tables of physical and chemical constants and some mathematical functions / by G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    THE EARTH SIZE AND SHAPE OF THE EARTH The spheroid of revolution which most nearly approximates to the earth, has the following dimensions [i kilom. = *6214 mile.] Observer. Equatorial radius, a. Polar radius, b. Ellipticity, (a — b)ja. Bessel, 1841 . . . 6,377,397 metres 6,356,079 metres 1/299*2 Clarke, 1866 . . . 8,206 „ 584 „ 1/295*0 „ 1880 . . . 8,249 „ 5U „ 1/293*5 Helmert, 1906* 8,200 „ 818 „ 1/298*3 U.S. Survey, 19064 8,388 „ 909 „ 1/297*0 * “ Die Grosse der Erde.” f “The Figure of the Earth,” 1909, and Supplement, 1910; U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. MEAN DENSITY OF THE EARTH (See Poynting’s “ Mean Density of the Earth,” 1893.) Observer. Common Balance Method. Poynting, 1878. Richarz and Krigar-Menzel, 1898. Torsion Balance Method. Cavendish, 1798. Boys, Phil. Trans., 1895 . . Braun, 1896 . Eotvos, 1896. Mean density of surface . Density. 5'493 5‘5°5 5‘45 5*527 5*527 5-534 2*65 Mean polar quad-) rant J Volume of earth Mass of earth Area of land Area of ocean Mean depth of ocean (Murray) Volume of ocean Mass of ocean }- 10,002,100 metres* 1*082 x io21 metres3 # 5*98 X io27 grams f 5*87 X io21 tons 1*45 X io18 cm.2 3*67 X io18 cm.2 3*85 X io5 cm. 1*41 X io24 cm.3 1*45 X io24 grms. * Mean of Helmert and U.S. Survey, f Using Boys’ and Braun’s result for density. SUN The mean equatorial) solar parallax (Hinks, > =8-8oj 1909) J {1*494 x io11 metres 9*282 x io7 miles Mean time taken by light to travel from [ = 498*2 secs sun to earth MOON Mean distance from) _ 160*27 X earth’s earth to moon J “ \ radius Mass of the moon) _ f(1/81*53) x (Hinks, 1909) j~\ earth’s mass Inclination of moon’s) _ 0 0/ n orbit to ecliptic J ~ 5 43 Constant of Gravitation (G in law of attraction) = 6*658 X io-8 c.g.s. Obliquity of the Ecliptic to the equator = 230 27' 4-04 in 1909, subject to a small fluctuation by nutation, and a slow continuous decline of 46*84 per century. Constant of aberration of a star is theoretically equal to (Earth’s orbital velocity)/(velocity of light) = 20 *43 ±’03 (Renan and Ebert, 1905). Constant of precession, i.e. annual precessional increase of the longitude of a star = 5o*2564 + *6002225/, where t is the interval in years from 1900 (New¬ comb).
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