A manual of elementary chemistry : theoretical and practical / by George Fownes.

  • Fownes, George, 1815-1849.
Date:
1868
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A manual of elementary chemistry : theoretical and practical / by George Fownes. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    543/608 (page 551)
    COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD. |& in the cold, may be readily mixed with a large quantity of watery ttatl Such a preparation, technically called finingt, !• sometime* used by brmrt and wine-merchants for the purpose before m'. t« action on the with which it i> mixed >eem- t«. I,,- par.-'\ meet mi< »1, the gelatinous .li.-iding to the bottom ••:' the cask, and carrying with it the in • ul.-tam-e to which the turbidity WHS KBKATIN and KRKATININB. — Kreatin was first observed by Cbevrrul. and nas been lately studied very carefully by Professor Licbig. who obtain*! it from the soup of boiled meat. It is best prepared from the juice of raw fleah by the following process:—A large quantity of lean flesh iseut up . exhausted by successive poitious of cold water, strained and prissud. TW liquid, which has an acid reaction, is heated to coagulate albumin and color- ing matter of blood, and passed through a cloth. It in then mixed with pur* baryta-water as long as a precipitate appears, filtered from the depo*it of phosphates, and evaporated in a water-bath to a syrupy stat- -(aad* ing some days in a warm situation, the kreatin is gradually deposited in crys- tal-, which are easily purified by re-solution in water and digestion with a little animal charcoal. Whea pure, kreatin forms colorless, brilliant, prismatic crystal*, which become dull by loss of water at 212° (100°C). They dissolve readily in boil. injr water, sparingly in cold, and are but little soluble in alcohol. The squseuu solution has a weak bitter taste, followed by a somewhat acrid sensation, la an impure state the solution readily putrefies. Kreatin is a neutral b«.•:_• combining either with acids or alkalies. In the crystallized state it contains) C8H9N304,2HO. By the action of strong acids, kreatin is converted into krtatmmt, a power- ful organic base, with separation of the elements of water. The new tub- stance forms colorless prismatic cry-tals, and is much more soluble in water than kreatin: it has a strong alkaline reaction, forms with adds cryitalliiable salts, and contains C8H7NsOr Kreatinine pre-exists to a small extent in the juice of fleah, together with lactic acid and other bodies yet imperfectly examined. It is also found \M conjunction with kreatin in urine. When kreatin is long boiled with solution of caustic baryta, it i« gradually resolved into urea, subsequently decomposed into carbonic acid and siamssjis, and a new organic body of basic properties, tarcorine. The latter, when pure, forms colorless transparent plates, extremely soluble in water, sparingly solu- ble in alcohol, and insoluble in ether. When gently healed they sjMttjM* sublime without residue. Sarcosine forms with sulphuric add a ble salt, and contains C,H-XO4, being isomcric with lactamidu. urethane. The mother-liquid from flesh from which the kreatin has beuu d« contains, among other things, a new acid, the iuosmif. ti a strong acid reacon, ao § pi •Jjf n by alcohol. It probably tootuM a kind of sugar, which. kovvOT. * ice from the muscular »tructor« i , of which refuses to crystallize. It has a strong acid reaction, aod J§ tat. -d in ;i white amorphous condition <:,cH6N,0,0.llo.i Recently, moreover, a rment, has been found in the juice h».-:ii-t. It was discovered by Scherer, who calls it monfe, aad give* It* « uon C^Hg.O,, 4- 4 HO. *This substance crystalliiea in rectangmlar prii m.ttu- crystals. (See also page . MPOSITION OF THK BLOOD. — The blood is the general circulating n the animal body, the source of all nutriment and gr mail-rial from w'hich all the .-.-cretions, however much U juM-ties aii'l i-..]iij,,.-:tion, are derived. Food or nourishnMOt f only be made available by being first converted into blood,