Chemical recreations: a series of amusing ... experiments ... To which are prefixed, first lines of chemistry, etc / [Anon].
- John Joseph Griffin
- Date:
- 1824
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Chemical recreations: a series of amusing ... experiments ... To which are prefixed, first lines of chemistry, etc / [Anon]. Source: Wellcome Collection.
29/264 page 7
![oxygen, but is owing to the presence of a peculiar chemi- cal agent, which will be presently described, called caloric. But as we know of no substances.that are separated from caloric, it is customary to apply the term simple to such as are combined with caloric only. Gas is the name given to all permanently -elastic fluids, both simple and com- pound; except the atmosphere, to which the term air is appropriated. It is necessary to distinguish between gas and vapour. The latter-is elastic and fluid, but not per- ‘manently so. The vapour of water (steam) upon cooling becomes a liquid: it is, therefore, not a gas, for gases are ‘bodies whose aériform state is permanent. The methods of obtaining and exhibiting the properties of oxygen, and other gases, is minutely described in the experimental part of this work. 19:—I]. CHLORINE is a gas, possessing the mechanical properties of common air. — Its colour is greenish-yellow (which its name literally signifies). Its taste is very disa- reeable, and its smell exceedingly strong and suffocating. It would kill the person who presumed to breathe it; itis dangerous, even when largely diluted with common: air, Though not respirable, it is an eminent supporter of com- bustion ; some bodies indeed inflame in it spontaneously. It mixes very readily and largely with water, and then ac- quires the property (for it has it not in its dry gaseous state) of destroying vegetable colours. This has rendered it useful in some bleaching operations. The weight of chlorine gas is to that of common air, as 5to 2. The com- pounds of chlorine are generally chlorides ; it forms, how- ‘ever, a few acids. For the method of obtaining chlorine gas, and of examining its properties, see 472 to 4°76. 20,—I1I. IoprneE is a solid body which has the colour ‘and lustre of plumbago. It is capable of crystallization. ‘It is slightly soluble in water. When exposed to heat about that of boiling water, it combines with caloric, and is converted into a beautiful violet-coloured vapour, nearly nine times heavier than common air. Iodine has an acrid taste, and is strongly poisonous, In its smell and its ac- tion on vegetable colours it resembles chlorine; but its effects are less violent than those of that substance. It is](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b22027634_0029.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
