An anatomical exposition of the structure of the human body / Translated ... by G. Douglas.

  • Jacob Benignus Winslow
Date:
1756
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: An anatomical exposition of the structure of the human body / Translated ... by G. Douglas. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    ;Cohnr of a Bone. Infernal Structure of Bones. Sulfa nee of Bones. 78. But in order to determine thefe feveral Parts exactly, the natural Situation thereof ought to be well obferved, in doing which I fhall always confider the Subject in an eredt Pofture. And indeed it would be proper that this Rule fhould be extended to all the other Parts of the Body, that the Language of Anatomy might be perfectly uniform, and that one Perfon, for inftance, might no longer call that a Superior Part which another calls Anterior. Such Confufion may be of very bad confequence in Reports de¬ livered to Judges. 79. We muft likewise obferve, that the Words Internal and External, befides their ordinary and natural Signification, are taken in feveral other Senles by Anatomifts. 80. In fuch cafes, I fhall call that Part Internal that lies neareft a Plane, which being fuppoled to pafs from the Crown of the Head down between the two Heels, divides the Body into the right and left Sides-, and the Part that is fartheft from fuch a Plane, I fhall name External. Thus the Edge of the Orbit, near the Nofe, is Internal; that near the Temples, External. 81. I shall obferve this Rule likewife in the Parts which compofe the Extremities •, thus I fhall call that Side of the Tibia External which is next the Fibula of the fame Leg, and that Internal which is next the other Leg. 82. The laft thing to betaken notice of concerning the External Con¬ formation of Bones is their Colour, which is not only different in different Bones, but in the different Parts of the fame Bone but this Obfervation re¬ lates properly to frefh Bones, and not to the Sceleton. 83. All that relates to the Internal Structure of Bones may be reduced to two Heads, their Subftance and inward Cavities. 84. Th e Subftance of Bones is found on Examination to be a Texture of folid Fibres differently difpofed, according to the particular Conforma¬ tion of each Bone. Thefe bony Fibres are eafily diftinguifhed on the Sur¬ face of the Ribs, where they may be feparated much after the fame manner as we do thofe of Whalebone or Horn. We may likewile difeover them by the Fiffures in Bones which have been long expofed to the Sun or Air, or any other ways dried 85. In general thefe Fibres are fo difpofed, as to form in fome Bones Laminae of a confiderable Extent -, in fome, little Plates or fmall Portions of the forementioned Lamina; and in others', Filaments of different Sizes. 86. The general Structure of the Subftance of Bones confifts in this Dilpofition •, and their Subftance is partly compact or folid, partly cellulous or fpongy, and partly reticular. 87. The folid Part lies chiefly towards the Outfide of Bones, the cellu- Jous Part toward the Infide. The firft is molt confiderable in the large hol¬ low Bones, the other in thofe which have no remarkable Cavities. 88. The folid Part is formed by Laminae difpofed in different Strata. The fpongy Part confifts chiefly of the Plates and Filaments varioufly in¬ terwoven : The Filaments alone form the reticular Texture principally ob- fervable in the long hollow Bones. 3 $9. We
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