(1) Notes on colloidon membranes for ultrfiltration and pressure dialysis / by G.S. Walpole. (2) Detection and concentration of antigens by ultrafiltration, pressure dialysis, etc., with special reference to diphtheria and tetanus toxins / by A.T. Glenny and G.S. Walpole.

  • Walpole, George Stanley.
Date:
[1915?]
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: (1) Notes on colloidon membranes for ultrfiltration and pressure dialysis / by G.S. Walpole. (2) Detection and concentration of antigens by ultrafiltration, pressure dialysis, etc., with special reference to diphtheria and tetanus toxins / by A.T. Glenny and G.S. Walpole. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    17/30 (page 297)
    Flat membranes may be made by pouring alcohol-ether solutions of collodion on to levelled plate glass, and then plunging the film, from which alcohol and ether are more or less removed by evaporation, into water. Using this method, and taking certain precautions described, they may be made with remarkable uniformity. By keeping as far as possible to constant conditions, these membranes may be described fully, for purposes of reference and reproduction and as a guide to their properties, by stating the kind of nitrocotton used, the weight of it per sq. cm. they contain, and the “wetness,” i.e. the ratio of the weight of a piece of film to its weight when dried to con¬ stancy. Films, made in the manner described, containing 8 mg. per sq. cm. of the particular nitrocotton used and weighing, with contained water, 40 mg. per sq. cm., or others where m = 5 and w — 17-5, have been found to retain quantitatively all antigens with which experiments have been made. Practical applications of this result are given in the paper following this [Glenny and Walpole, 1915]. Their permeability to simpler molecules, salts, and water remains high, and filtration through them is rapid. It is suggested that in these films, more than in other ultrafilters in general use, the channels leading through the gel structure from one side to the other are of a certain uniformity in size. None of them is large enough to allow any antigen to pass; but the structure is highly porous and, because there are many such channels, rapid ultrafiltration results. Arrangements of apparatus are described whereby films of this type whether flat or in the shape of test tubes may be made and utilised for ultra¬ filtration and pressure dialysis. REFERENCES. Bechold (1907, 1). Kolloid. Zeitsch., 2, 3, 33. - (1907, 2). Biochem. Zeitsch., 6, 379. - (1907; 3). Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., 60, 257. - (1908), Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., 64, 328. Bigelow (1907). J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 29, 1588. Brodie (1897). J. Pathol., 4, 460. Duclaux (1905). Compt. Rend., 140, 1468, 1544. - (1907). J. Chim. Phys., 5, 29. Glenny and Walpole (1915). Biochem. J., 9, 298. Lillie (1907). Amer. J. Physiol., 20, 127. Malfitano (1904). Compt. Rend., 139, 1221. Martin (1896). J. Physiol., 20, 364. Martin and Cherry (1898). Proc. Roy. Soc., 63, 420. Moore and Roaf (1907). Biochem. J., 2, 34. - (1908). Biochem. J., 3, 55. Rodewald and Kattein (1900). Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., 33, 579. 20—2