Rotunda midwifery for nurses and midwives / by G.T. Wrench.

  • Guy T. Wrench
Date:
1908
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Rotunda midwifery for nurses and midwives / by G.T. Wrench. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    closed. The muscle is called a spliincter {sphingein— Greek to bind tight), and acts in the same way as the sphincter ani which keeps the back passage closed. The external os is closed by circular bands of muscle and fibrous tissue. Fibrous tissue consists of woven fibres which cannot contract like muscle. {Tisstie—French for woven, hence fibres—woven fibres.) The two mouths and the canal are closed during pregnancy. They do not expand and widen, as does the body of the uterus, Avith the growth of the ovum, nor do they open until labour or childbirth sets in. The spermatozoon is so tiny that it easily passes through the closed canal, but the fertilized ovum gets big so rapidly that it cannot pass without the canal opening to allow it to do so. Ligaments.—The uterus is supported by ligaments, and two of these you should know, namely the round ligaments which pass to either top corner of the uterus. Vagina [vagina—Latin a sheath).—The vagina is the front passage. Into its roof the cervix and external os project. It is 3 ins. long and opens betiveen the thighs at the vulva. The Fornices.—The cervix projects into the vagina. The vaginal vault that surrounds the cervix is divided into four fornices [fornix—Latin an arch), an anterior, a posterior and two lateral fornices. Practical Application of these Anatomical Points.—Returning to Fig. 1, on p. 6, you can now trace the Avhole history of conception. The ovum breaks from the ovary (1), falls into the trumpet-like mouth of the Fallopian tube (2), is wafted along the tube (3). The spermatozoon passes into the vagina 1 then through the cervical canal 21, into the womb 3b The ovum and spermatozoon meet at 4 4i and the ovum becomes fertilized and the woman con- ceives. This meeting sometimes occurs not in the cavity of the uterus, but in the tube.
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