Manual of ophthalmic surgery and medicine / by Walter H. H. Jessop.

  • Walter Jessop
Date:
1898
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Manual of ophthalmic surgery and medicine / by Walter H. H. Jessop. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    It cannot be too strongly impressed on the observer that the vision, at all events for distance, must always be taken for each eye separately. The examination of the eye has been divided into two parts, viz.: The objective, by the unaided eye of the observer with or without focal illumination, and by the ophthalmoscope; and the subjective, for acuteness of vision, fields of vision, colour sense, and hght sense. Objective examination by the unaided eye without focal illumination.—Most of the following observations may be made without concentrating the Hght by means of a lens {foccd illwnination), provided that a good Hght is obtainable. This is best done by placing the patient facing a window. In the first place, the general appearance of the patient must be carefully observed, and signs of consti- tutional disease, as syphiHs, tubercle, gout, &c. looked for. The expression of the patient is often an important aid in diagnosis—for example, the vacant expression of the blind the extreme Hd spasm in children suffering from corneal ulcer, the heavy look of the lids in granular conjunctivitis, the prominence of the myopic eye, the inclination of the head to one side as in paralysis of an external ocular muscle. In ah the foHowing observations it is very necessary that the two sides should be compared, and that every observation made on one eye should be repeated on the other if practicable. The lids should be examined as to their skin surface and their movements ; the condition of the ciHary borders should be carefully inspected by Hfting the upper Hd with the thumb of one hand, whilst the lower Hd is puHed down by the index finger of the other hand. By this means the situation and direction of the eyelashes can be determined, and the position and size of the puncta.
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