New system of ventilation, which has been thoroughly tested under the patronage of many distinguished persons : being adapted to parlors, dining and sleeping rooms, kitchens, basements, cellars, vaults ... / by Henry A. Gouge.
- Gouge, Henry A. (Henry Albert)
- Date:
- 1881
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: New system of ventilation, which has been thoroughly tested under the patronage of many distinguished persons : being adapted to parlors, dining and sleeping rooms, kitchens, basements, cellars, vaults ... / by Henry A. Gouge. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.
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![scour out the lieated air and exhalations from every corner and crevice of the car and its load, and replace them with fresh air from outside, in effect creating a constant movement of i)iire, dry, temj)erate air throughout all the interstices of the grain or other i^roduce. Let it ])e remembered that this pure and cooling flow throughout the mass takes the place of a stagnant atmosphere, heated to 100, and saturated with exhalations of organic matter until it can hold no more and precipitates the accumulating excess on all the surfaces of the j)roduce in an unctuous and putrefying sweat—putrefac- tion that may indeed be retarded and kejDt below the tem- perature of volatilization (or offensive odor) by half filling the car with ice ; but which cannot be wholly stopped, short of freezing, nor balked of its sure develoj^ment at last, when- ever bulk is broken. On the other hand, consider the opi30site part these moist exhalations are compelled to act when subjected to the through flow of pure, dry, active air. They become as useful as they were otherwise detrimental, by occasioning a further and im^portant reduction of temperature T^y evaporation, which brings it materially below the average outside. This has been very pointedly shown by experiment in a passenger car, where the external air pressure resultino- from motion was drawn through the interior, in a hot day in 1876, by a Gouge ventilator, on the Pennsylvania Kailroad. Tempera- ture was taken with everything thrown open, so as to identify perfectly the interior and exterior atmosphere. Then every- thing was closed except the pressure ducts, to see what would be their proper eft'ect alone. One would naturally expect a rise of the mercury from thus closing up a car full of passengers in a hot day. The effect, however, was the reverse. The mercury shortly began to fall, until it re- mained at nearly three degrees lower than with all open. The volume of air changed may or may not have been greater, but its current being narrowed to inlet and exhaust passages adapted to give it greater velocity, increased the activity of its diffusion by the distributing orifices. And the effect of this more actively distributed ventilation in lowering the mercury, could be accounted for in no other way than by the fanning it gave to the only moist surfaces in the case—](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21054745_0124.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
