Dictionarium Britannicum: or a more compleat universal etymological English dictionary than any extant ... / Collected by several hands, the mathmatical part by G. Gordon, the botanical by P. Miller. The whole revis'd and improv'd ... by N. Bailey.

  • Nathan Bailey
Date:
1730
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Dictionarium Britannicum: or a more compleat universal etymological English dictionary than any extant ... / Collected by several hands, the mathmatical part by G. Gordon, the botanical by P. Miller. The whole revis'd and improv'd ... by N. Bailey. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Absolute [abfolutus, L.] free from the Power of, •r independent on another; alio having Perfection in itlelf; all'o unlimited, alio arbitrary. Absolute [with Grammarians'^ without Regimen dr Government, as an ablative abfolutc. Absolute Aouns AcijeB. [with GrammariansJ fuch Ad¬ jectives as are in the Polittve Degree, as great, little, low, left. Absolute Nouns sub ft ant. fuch Nouns whofe Signi¬ fications imply a limple idea; as a Man, a lierfe, Earth, stir, &c. Absolute [in Theology] is fometimes ufed to denote a Thing being without any Caufe, in which Senfe God is ab- folute. Absolute is alfo ufed to fignifie free from Conditions, as the Decrees of God are laid to be abloiute in Relpeft to Men. Absolute [[with Romani ft s'] is ufed in Oppofition to Declaratory, as they hold that a Prietl can forgive Siits ab- folutely ; but the Proteftants lay only declaratively and minifterially. Absolute Eftate [in Lavs'] an Eftate free from all manner of Conditions and Incumbrances. Absolute Equation [with Aftronomers] is the Aggre¬ gation or Sum of the Eccentrick, and Optick Equations. Absolute Gravity [Philof. and Mecb.] that Property in Bodies, by which they are faid to weigh to much, no Regard being had to any Circumllunces or Modification, and always is as the Quantity of Matter contained in it. Absolute Motion, fignifies the-Change of Place in any moving Body Absolute Numbers [Algebra] a Number which pof- lefles one intire Part or Side of an Equation, and is al¬ ways a known Quantity , and the Rectangle or Solid un¬ der the unknown Roots in Quadraticks and Cubicks, thus in this Equation ; aa-j-i6a^=36. the abloiute Num¬ ber is 36, which is equal to the Product of the two Roots or Values, multiplied one into another; this is Called alio Uomogeneum Compactions, by Viet a Absolute Place, is that Part ot infinite and immove¬ able Space that any Body pollefles. Absolutf Space [with Ph lofophers] is Space, which being confider’ci in its own Nature without having any Regard to any external Thing, continues always the lame, and is immoveable. A bsolutely [abftlute, L.] after an abloiute manner. Absolutely [with Logicians] is ufed of the Terms of a Propofition, that is without Relation to any Thing elle. Absolutely, [in Oppofition to Terms and Condi¬ tions] as God is faid not to forgive Men their Sins ablolute- ly ; but upon Condition ol Repentance, and future A- mendmentof Lite. . .. Absolutely [with Geometricians] is ufed to lignify intirely, compleatly, as a Circle or Sphere is laid to be ab- folutely round in-Contradiftinftion to a Figure that is part¬ ly lb, as an Oval, a Spheroid, &c. Absolution, a Pardoning, Remiflion or Forgive- nefs of Sins, pronounced by a Prieft, Qpc. Absolution [In the Canon-Law] a Juridical Aft, thereby aPrifeft as a Judge, and by Virtue of a Power delegated to him from Chrift, remits Sins. Absolution ([in the Civil Law] fignifies a definitive Sentence, whereby a Man accufed of any Crime is ac¬ quitted. Absolution [in the Reformed Churches] is ufually un- derftood of a Sentence by which a Perlon Hands Excom¬ municated, is freed or releafed from the Excommunication. Absoluto'rium . [with Phyftcians] an abloiute Re¬ medy, or molt effectual Medicine ; alfo a certain Cure or perfeft Recovery, L. \ Absoluteness [of abfolu, F. abfolutus, LJ Arbi- trarinefs, Freedom from Conditions, &c. A'bsonant V Tabfonans, L.J dilagreeing from the A'bsonous S Labfonus, L. J Puipofe, abfurd. Absonare [old Law Records] to deleft and avoid. To Abso'kb [with. Gardeners, &c:] is a Term ap¬ ply d to thole greedy Branches, that growing on Fruit- Trees, do drink up and rob the other Branches of the nutritious Juice, that they Hand in Need of for their Nou¬ rishment and Augmentation. Absorb [abforbere, L.] tofupor fwallow up ; to de¬ vour, to confume,- to wafte. Abso'rft [abforptus, L.J fupped up, &c. Abso'rbents [abforbentia, L.J Medicines which temper and qualify the fharp Juices in the Body, by im¬ bibing or fupping them up. J Absque hoc, [t. e. without this] Words of Excep¬ tion made Ufe of in a Traverle. L. To Abstai'n [abftinere, L. ] to forbear, to keep from.' Aeste'mious [abftemius, L.J properly faid of one who drinks no Wine ; moderate, temperate in Diet. Abste'ntion [Common Law J a keeping or with¬ holding an Heir from taking Polfeflion of his Inheritance. Abste'rgent [abftergens, L.J cleanfing. Abste'rgents [with Phyftcians J Medicines of a cleanfing or fco.wting Quality. Abste'rsion, a wiping away. L. Abstf/rsive [abfterftvus, L.J pertaining to wiping away ; aifo the fame as Abftergent. Abstersive Medicines, fuch as are ufed to clear the Skin and outw ard Parts of the Body from Filth. Abstinence [abftinentia, L.J an abftaining from Food, Drink, Pleafures, Lulls, &c. Abstinent [abftinens, L.J refraining from, or mo¬ derately ufiiig, Wine, Food, &c. Absto'rted [of a'.s and tortus, L.J wrung or wreft- ed from by Violence. ACsTRACT |_abftra(tum. Sup. of dbftrahere, L.J a Short Draught or Copy of an original Writing; the Abridgment of a Book, Record, QPc. Abstract [with Logicians] any Quality, as it is confidered apart, without Regard had to its Concrete or Subjeft. Abstract [in Philofophy] that which is Separated from lome other Thing by an Operation of the Mind call¬ ed Abftraftion. An Abstp.act Idea, is fome Simple Idea, detach’d and Separated from any particular Subjeft or complex Idea, for the fake of viewing and confidering it more diftmftly, as it is in itlelf, its own Nature, &c. To Ab. tract [abftrahere, L.] to draw away from, to take from or out of. Abstra'ct Numbers fwith Arithmeticians^ fuch as are confidered as pure Numbers, without being apply’d to any Suojtft. A ka'cted Mathematicks; is ufed in Oppofition to >. mix’d Mathematicks ; the former figmfying pure Arithme- tick, Geometry or Algeora. AbsTRa'cTFD Nouns Suiftintves [with Grammarians &c.J are fuch Nouns as denote a Thing ; the Exiftence ot which is reai, and in the Nature of the Thing ; but lubfifts only in the Underltanding; as Humanity Truth Vigilance, &c. Ab^t RA'cf EDL Y [[of abftraBus, L.J by way of ab- ftraft. Abstractive [abft aBivus, L.J that may be ab- llrafted or drawn from. Abstra'ction, |jn Philofplyf is an Operation of the Mind, whereby it leparates Tilings naturally conjunft or exiftmg together, and forms and confiders Ideas of Things thus leparated. A Power or Faculty which is peculiar ?o the Mind of Mail, in Contradiftinftion to the natural Ca¬ pacity of brute Beafts*; by the Help of which Faculty he can make his Ideas, or Conceptions relating to particular Things, to become general Reprefentatives all of the fame kind. Thus if the Eye reprefent to a Man Whitenefs in a Wall, he can coftfider abftraftedly that Quality of White¬ nefs, and find it attributable to many other Things, and plainly diftinguifhes it from them; as Snow«, Milk Chalk, &c. Abstracted [abftriBtis, L.J Ioofened, unbound. To AbstrAnge [Abftringere, L.J to unbind or loofeff. To AsstruCe [Abftrudere, L.J to thruftorpulh away,' or from. AbstRu'se [[Abftrufus, L.J obfeure, dark, not eafy to be underftood, deep, hidden, or far removed fro^i the common Apprehenfions or Ways of conceiving. Abs Tru'seness? Obfcurity in Meaning, Unintelli- Abstru'sity 3 giblenefs. Absu'rd [Abfurdus, L.J not agreeable to Reafon or common Senfe, or that thwarts or goes contrary to the ccmmon Notions and Apprehenfions of Men; imperti¬ nent, filly, foolifh. Ab.u'rbn ess 1 CAbfurditas, L.J Difagreeablenefs to Absu'rdity S Reafon, Impertinence, Folly ; an Error or Oftence againft fome generally allowed Truth or Principle. Asu'n dance [Abundant]a, L.J great Plenty. Abu'ndant [Abundans, L.J abounding. Abundant Numbers [[with ArithmeticiansJ fuch Num¬ bers, whofe aliqu t Parts added together, make more than the whole Number, of which they are Parts; as 20, whofe Aliquot Parts are 10, 5, 4, t, 1, and make 22; and 12, G whofe
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