The decline of human fertility in the United Kingdom and other countries as shown by corrected birth-rates / by Arthur Newsholme and T.H.C. Stevenson.

  • Newsholme, Arthur, 1857-1943.
Date:
[1906]
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: The decline of human fertility in the United Kingdom and other countries as shown by corrected birth-rates / by Arthur Newsholme and T.H.C. Stevenson. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    Towns in Order of Figure of Merit, 1881.14 None of these, either in 1881 or 1903, were above the standard. In 1881 the following were within 5 per cent, below the standard:— Aberdeen 98'7 Bethnal Green 98'5 West Ham 97*7 Belfast 96^4 Preston 95-8 luaoiumni 95 7 Glasgow Neocastle-on-Tyne 9<T6 Dundee The following were 5 to 10 per cent, below the standard:— Edinburgh 94 3 Northampton 93*8 Burnley 93*8 Birmingham ••••- 93'2 Derby 93‘2 Bristol 9i'7 Bolton 92-3 Cardiff 91-^ Leicester 91-2 Norwich 90^7 Salford 90^7 Dublin 9o'5 The following were 10 to 15 per cent, below the standard:— Hamburg 89*8 Livei’pool 89‘o London 88‘6 Leeds 88*5 Manchester 88*3 Sheffield 87*8 Nottingham 8“'4 Portsmouth 86*3 Hampstead 85*3 Oldham 85*1 The following were 15/0 20 per cent, below the standard :— Halifax 8 3'4 Brighton 8V2 Hull 83-1 Huddersfield 8i-2 Berlin 8ro Bradford 8o-8 Only two urban communities in our list were 20 por cent, below the standard:— Kensington . 78*8 | Paris 47* 1 It is evident that the birth-rate in towns was commonly lower in 1881 than in the countries or counties in which they are situate. It is interesting to inquire how far their birth-rate is intentionally15 lowered. The case of Dublin is important, as indicating that in a population which is chiefly Roman Catholic, among whom the artificial prevention of pregnancy is banned, there may be a deficiency of 9^5 per cent, below a moderate standard, without, so far as can be surmised, a very considerable use of such measures. That this surmise is correct is confirmed by the fact that in 1903 the corrected birth-rate of Dublin was only 1 per cent, below the 14 Refer to footnote on p. 16. 15 It is scarcely necessary to say that tlie word “ intent ionally ” docs not include postponement of marriage, as this and other automatic causes of change in the birth-rate have already been eliminated.
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