Volume 2

The London medical dictionary; including under distinct heads every branch of medicine ... with whatever relates to medicine in natural philosophy, chemistry, and natural history / By Bartholomew Parr.

Bartholomew Parr

Date:: 1809

Credit: The London medical dictionary; including under distinct heads every branch of medicine ... with whatever relates to medicine in natural philosophy, chemistry, and natural history / By Bartholomew Parr. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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$•JNTEKVERTEBRA*LES IUF'SCILTO,. (froita 8etv:ce>i, and vertebra). They arise from the body of ene vertebra laterally, and are inserted, after an oblique progress, into the back part of the other vertebra, imme- diately above it. They draw the vertebrae nearer to one another, and a little to one side. INTESTl NA TE'RRiE- See Lumbricus ter- RESTRI.S. INTESTINA, ^frotn intus^ ivithin). The intes* TINES, chorda: and pant ices. From the pylorus to the anus is one continued canal, divided into the small- and great intestines, covered by the mesentery and mesoco- lon ; and, as tliey are longer than these membranes, they are contracted in folds to the length of the latter. The whole length of the intestines is between seven and eight times the length of the body; the small ones are about five of these parts. The small intestines tailed dertrun, and cholades, because they contain bile, are named Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileum, q. V.; the large intestines are, the CcECUM, the Colon, and Rectum, q. v. The first coat of the intestines, the external, is from the peritoneum, called celtulusa tuinca linyschii; tunica externa vel membranusa; the second is the muscular coat, formed of two planes of muscular fibres, the one thin and longitudinal; the other thicker, in a cylindri- cal direction : the third is styled the nervous, but con- sists of cellular substanc, the fourth the villous, peri- alroma. The villi are of different shapes and lengths in different parts of the intestines, more thick in the small, more long and thin in the large ones ; they are thought to be secreting and absorbing organs, as there the arteries seem to terminate, and the veins to begin. The glands of the intestines, enteradenes, are supposed to be lodged in the nervous coat, next the villous, and are divided into g/«H(h//dC and aggregatce ; but their existence is not clearly established. In the great intestines we may observe little holes, •which, w'hen inflated, lead to cells analogous to the fol- licles of Malpighi; and by analogy we may suppose glands to exist in the great intestines near the anui, to separate a lubricating mucus, for facilitating the pas- sage of the faeces. 'J'he arteries and veins run together on the intestines. In the intestines the first digestion is completed; from them the ch)'le is absorbed, and through their cavity the faeces ultimately carried oft'. These actions are performed by thei r peristaltic or vermicular motion,w'hich apparently moving their contents backward or forward, in effect propel them ; as the waves of an increasing tide some- times fall short of, and at others gain on those which preceded them, but on the whole advance. This motion is caused by tlie successive contraction and relaxation of the circular fibres of the muscular coat; and the prin- cipal stimulus to this motion is the distension ot the canal. The action of the lungs on the diaphragm and of the abdominal muscles assist the progress of the contents of the stomach and intestines. Thus the clara lectio, read- ing aloud, is said by Celsus to assist digestion. INTESTINA LIS, (i'wm in test i/ia, intestines). Be- longing to or proceeding from the bowels. Intk.stina'lis arte'ria. See Duouenalis ARTEKIA, and Gastrica dextra artkkia. ]lKrBS:TTNtAiirS- 'vte'n.a. See Buodht.naets INTESITNO'RUM SOLA'MEN. The semen anisv„ according to Hofii'nian; and oleum anisi, according to, Van H'elmont. Intestino'rum tu'nica externa, and mem- BRANO.SA. See Intestina. INTOXICA'TIO, (from vo^jHOv, poison, venom). It is properly the same as infectio, but generally synonym- ous with See iNEBRIANTIAt INTRAFOLTA'CEUS, (from intra, and folium., a leaf ) . Growing wjithin the side of tlie leaf. IMTRASPINA'LIS, (from intra^andspina, the spine). See INTERSRINALES. ItNTRATRANSVERSA'LIS. See Intert.rans- VERSALES. INTRICA'TUS, MUSCULUS, (from its intricate folds). See Abductor auris. INTRI'NSECI, (from intra, and sccus, towards). Painful disorders of the internal: parts. IN rRI'TUM, (from-hitero/-, to be rubbed)--, entrimma; a culinary term for minced meats, on rather such as are- prepared by pounding, as potted beef, &g. INTROCE'SSIO, (from introcedo, to go in). See- Depressio. INTROSUSCE'PTIO, ^fromintra, toithin,.and sus~ cipio, to receive). Slight degrees of introsusceptio seen* to occur frequently, and are soon restored; but eveiv when in a considerable degree, the functions of tlie in- testines are often not disturbed.. Unless inflamed, oc adhesions are formed between, the external part and that “ received witliiu,’* no disease seemingly follow’s. It occurs often so low in the rectum, that it may be reached by the finger, or the received intestine may be even protruded. Monro, Edinburgh Medical Essays, See Iliaca passio. TNTSIA. Mimosa intsia Lin. Sp. PI. 1S08. A large evergreen tree in Malabar, called also acMcia Ma~ tabaiica globosa. The juice of the leaves- and hark is, used to relieve pains in the bowels. See Raii Historian INTUMESCE'NTIyE, (from intumesco, to swcll)j. tumidusi. Disorders attended with a s.welling of the body, or a considerable part of it; the second order of the cachexice. INTUSSUSCE'PTIO. The same as Introsuscep- tio, q. v. See Iliaca passio. I'NTYBUS, (from in, and tuba, a hollow instrument, from tlie hollowness of its stalk). A name for the ci- choieum lat folium sive endivia vulgaris. I'NULA. SeeENULA. IISU'NCTIO, from inungo, to anoint),. INUNCTION. The action of anointing, or the materials which are employed. INVA'SIO, (from invado, to attack) ;. acccssio. INVERECU'NDUM OS, from in, not, and rerc- cvndits, modest; because the os hontis is regarded as tlie seat of impudence). See Frontis, os. INVE'RSIO U'TERI, (from inverta, to turn in- wards). See Procidentia uteri. INVI'DIA, (from in, and video, to look upon, a n\m\s intuendo fortunam alter!us). Envy ; a depressing pas- sion arising from a consciousness of the superior ad- vantages of another. It induces debility, indigestion, and hectic. IN VO’LUCK A, (from involvo, to fold in-, from com- ing next after the child). Secundines, hystcra, membrame. G2$