Encyclopaedia Americana: a popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, brought down to the present time : including a copious collection of original articles in American biography : on the basis of the seventh edition of the German Conversations-Lexicon (Volume 4).

Date:
1830-33
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Encyclopaedia Americana: a popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, brought down to the present time : including a copious collection of original articles in American biography : on the basis of the seventh edition of the German Conversations-Lexicon (Volume 4). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    1821, 5 volumes, with an atlas). He has met with much opposition. G. Hermann, in his Briefe uber Homer und Hesiod, vor- ziiglich iiber die Theogonie (Heidelberg, 1818), and in a letter addressed to Creu- zer, Uber das Wesen und die Behandlung der Mythohgie (Leipsic, 1819), opposed him with much perspicuity and force of argument. I. H. Voss declared open war against Creuzer, in the Litteraturzeitung of Jena, and pubUshed his Antisymbol%k (Stuttgart, 1824), which was followed by rephes from Wolfg. Menzel and others. The study of the theories of Creuzer, which are elaborated in his Symbolik with the most extensive lesiming, has been facihtated by a perspicuous abstract, Aus- zug der Symbolik und Mythologie (Leipsic and Darmstadt, 1822,1 volume). In 1809, Creuzer accepted the professorship of pliilology in Leyden; but, before entering on the office, he felt the injurious influence of the Dutch chmate upon his health, and returned in October of the same year to Heidelberg. He has since pubUshed an edition of Plotinus de Pidchritudine, acced. Prodi Disp. de Pidchritudine et Uni- tate, JVicephori Nathanaelis Antitheticus (Heidelberg, 1814). Guigniaut has partly translated, partly recomposed, Creuzer's Symbolik in his work Religions de VAn- tiquite considiries principalemerit dans leur Formes Symboliques et Mythologiques (Pa- ris, 1824). The academy of inscriptions, at Paris, chose Creuzer a foreign member in 1825. Crevenna, Pietro Antonio (commonly called Bolongaro Crevenna), a bibliogra- pher, bom in the middle of the 18th century, at Milan, received from his father-in-law Bolongaro (whose name he took) a large fortune, and lived mostly in Holland. Love for the sciences, in particular for Uterarj' history, induced him to devote his hours of leisure, from an extensive com- mercial business, to literary pui-suits, and to collect a choice hbrary. The learned catalogues of )iis books, prepared by him- self and others, have given to the works which belonged to him great value in the eyes of amateurs, and the catalogues themselves have bibliographical authority. His Catalogue Raisonni de la Collection des Ldvres de M. Crevenna (Amsterdam, 1776, 6 vols., 4to.) contains an exact de- scription of the Incunabula, with colla- tions of rare books, and letters of many learned men of the 17th and 18th centu- ries, printed there for the first time. To understand the importance of the Creven- nian library, it is necessary to compare with tliis catalogue another, the Catalogue des Livrea de la Bibl. de M. Crevenna (Amsterdam, 1789, 6 vols.). In 17i)0, he sold the greatest part of his library by public auction. What he retained may be known by die Catalogue de la Bibl. de feu M. Crivenna (Amsterdam, 1793). Towards the end of his life, he left Holland, and died in Rome, Oct. 8, 1792. Cribbage; a game at cards, wlierem no cards are to be dirown out, and the set to make 61; and, as it is an advantage to deal, by reason of the crib, it is proper to lift for it, and he that has the least card deals. Crichton, James, was born in Scot- land, in 1551, or, according to some ac- counts, in 1560, of a noble family. On account of his remarkable endowments, both of body and mind, he obtained the surname of the Admirable. He was edu- cated at tlie univei-sity of St. Andrew, and, before his 20th year, had run through the whole circle of the sciences, could speak and write to ])erfection 10 different languages, and was equally distinguished for his skill in riding, dancing, singing, and i)laying upon all sorts of instruments. Thus accomplished, he set out on his travels, and is said to have gone to Paris, where he offered to dispute in any art or science, and to answer whatever should be proposed to him in any of these 12 lan- guages—Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Greek, Latin, Spanish, French, Italian, English, Dutch, Flemish and Sclavonic; and this either in prose or verse, at the option of his antagonist. On the day fixed, he is said to have maintained the contest from nine o'clock in the morning until six at night, to the great admiration of the spec- tator, who saluted him as the admirable Crichton. Before and after the dispute, he was engaged in tilting, vaulting, &c., or in balls, concerts, and other similar amusements. This account is probably de- rived from the following letter, which has generally been applied to Crichton. There came to the college of Navarre a young man of 20 years of age, who was perfectly well skilled in all the sciences, as the most learned masters of the university acknowledged. In vocal and instrumental music, none could excel him. In paint- ing and drawing in colors, none could equal him. In all military feats, he was most expert, and could play with the sword so dexterously, with both his hands, that no man could fight him. When he saw his enemy, he would throw himself upon hun at one jump of 20 or 24 feet distance. He was a master of arts, and disputed with us, in the schools of the