On the structure of the orang outang / by Henry C. Chapman.

  • Henry Cadwalader Chapman
Date:
1880
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the structure of the orang outang / by Henry C. Chapman. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    the Aacaris /umhricoidea^ and one in the large, and in the cfecum a Trichocephalus di^par. I believe tliis is the first time these entozoa have been found in the same anthropoid. According to Diesing' tlie Trichovejjhalas is found in the Orang, and (fobbold- states that Mnrie sent him an A^caris from the Chimi)anzee. Reapii'atorij System.—In the Orang, as in the Gorilla and Chim- panzee, lairticnlarly in the males, the ventricles of the lar^'iix are prolonged into the so-called laryngeal ])onches. In young speci- mens of the anthropoids, these pouches, though not so well devel- oped as in the adnlts, can nsnally, however, be i)erfectly identified. In dissecting my Orang, after removing tlie skin in the cervical region, 1 noticed what appeared to me to be the laryngeal pouches, and by passing a tube into one of the ventricles of the larynx, the pouch of that side could be readily inflated. On tracing, however, the anterior wall of the pouch downward, I noticed that it was attached to the front of the sternum and clavicle, and on opening the pouch and following its posterior wall, I found it attached to the back of the sternum and first rib. Thus the interior of the pouch corresponded with the space between the two layers of the cervical fascia in man, usually filled with fat and absorbent glands, but in the Orang it is empt}^ and communicating with the interior of the laryn:^:. The pouch was not lined with mucous membrane, resembling the remaining fascia, which was indeed continuous with it. Supposing that my dissection really represented the true rela- tion of these parts, then, morphologically speaking, the laryngeal pouch in the anthropoids w^ould be homologous with and replace the two layers of the cervical fascia in man, so familiar to the surgeon. There was nothing especially noticeable about the vocal cords, epiglottis or trachea. The lungs (PI. 13, fig. 2), however, were not divided into lobes as in the Gorilla and Chimpanzee. Vascular' System.—I did not notice about the heart anything especially different from tlie human. In reference to the origin of the vessels, however, the innominate gave off the left carotid and continuing an eighth of an inch then divided into the right carotid and right subclavian, tlie left subclavian coming off sepa- rately from the aorta (PI. 13, fig. 2). In the Gorilla and male Chimpanzee I found the disposition of these vessels the same as in man, which is the case in the Orang, according to Sandifort. In the female Chimiianzee there were two innominates, a long and a ' Helm., vol. ii, p. 534. Entozoa, p. 291.
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