Ancient art and its remains, or, A manual of the archaeology of art / By C.O. Müller.

  • Karl Otfried Müller
Date:
1852
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Ancient art and its remains, or, A manual of the archaeology of art / By C.O. Müller. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    237/664
    eillis par Drovetti et CailUaud. Northern Oasis of Egypt [El-Wah or El-Kassar] with extensive ruins visited by Belzoni. Southern Oasis [El Khargeh and El-Dakel] with Egyptian temple and later buildings, mi- nutely described by CailUaud. Cailliaud Voy. h I'Oasis de Thebes et dans les Deserts situes I'Orient et ^ I'Occident de la Thebaide, redige par Jomard.—Egypto-Grecian buildings in the Emerald Mountains at Sek- ket, Cailliaud, pi. 5 sqq.—Hieroglyphic stones also in Arabia Petraea.— Monuments of Sesostris at Berytos (Cassas ii. pi. 78), see Journ. dea Sav. 1834. p. 527. Bull. 1834. p. 20. 161. 1835. p. 20. 1837. p. 134. 146. [Lepsius Monum. de Beirut M. d. I. ii, 51. Annali x. p. 12—19. Differ- ence between Herodotus' description of the monuments of Sesostris and these. Bull. 1842. p. 184. 2. ARCHITECTONICS. 219. The architecture of Egypt did not, like that of Greece, 1 receive its forms in an evident manner from timber building; on the contrary, the want of wood obliged the Egyptians at an early period to employ their abundant rock-materials; and a troglodytic burrowing in these was carried on, from the most . primitive ages, at least jointly with the piling up masses of stone upon the earth. Just as little could these forms be de- 2 termined by provision for carrying away rain (hence there are nowhere gable-roofs); the endeavour to obtain shade and a cool current of air can alone be laid down as the climatic conditions, with which sacerdotal principles and the particu- lar feeling of the nation for art united in order to produce this peculiar and simply grandiose style of architecture. Quatremere de Quincy's and Gius. del Rosso's works on Egyptian archi- tecture are now of little use. On the contrary Hirt, Gesch. der Bau- kunst i. s. 1—112 valuable. 220. The sacred structures did not possess in their design 1 the internal unity of the Greek; they were rather aggregates which could be increased indefinitely, as we are even taught by the history, for instance, of the temple of Phthas at Mem- phis in Herodotus. Alleys of colossal rams or sphinxes form 2 the approach or dromos; sometimes we find before these small temples of co-ordinate deities (especially Typhonia). Before the main body of the edifice usually stand two obelisks com- memorative of the dedication. The direction of the whole design does not necessarily follow the same straight line. The 3 principal structures begin with a pylon, that is, pyramidal double towers or wings (Strabo's ptera) which flank the gate- way, and the destination of which is still very much in the dark (they might have served as bulwarks to the entrance, and also for astronomical observations). Then follows usually 4 a court surrounded by colonnades, subordinate temples, and houses for the priests (a propylon or propyloeon, and at the