Ancient art and its remains, or, A manual of the archaeology of art / By C.O. Müller.

  • Karl Otfried Müller
Date:
1852
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Ancient art and its remains, or, A manual of the archaeology of art / By C.O. Müller. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    41/664
    for the most part erected by the Pelasgians, the aboriginal but afterwards subjugated inhabitants; hence they are also found in great numbers in Arcadia and Epirus, the chief countries of the Pelasgians. 1. T/^fVf reixioeacrct IL ii, 559. tTirU^yifivov ruxo? Pherecydes Schol. Od. xxi, 23. TtQvuBioi/ v'KtvSievfiot. Hesyctu Tot xi/xAwtts/* Argolis in Eurip. Orest. 953, Kvx.'hu'Trsioe. ov^xvtoc. reixv Electra 1167. Kvx,7iU7i-uu dv/^ci'hcti Iph. Aul. 152. Y^vKhu-Kioi, 7rgd&u§« 'EvQvaBtag Pindar Fr. inc. 151. KvKT^U'Treiov r^oxov Sophocles in Hesych. s. v. )cvk7^ov;. Turres Cyclopes inven. Arist. in Plin. vii, 57. On their supposed origin (from Curetis, Thrace, Ly- cia) : ad Apollod. ii, 2, 1. ^nyvyix reixn Hesych. 2. Ils'Axayix.ou or IliT^K^yiMi/ ru)cos in Athens. [Gottling in the Rhein. Mus. f. Philologie 1843, iv. s. 321, 480. The same Die Gallerien und die StoavonTirynth, Archaol. Zeit 1845, N. 26. Taf. 26. Exped. de la Moree II. p. 72.] Ten Cyclopean ruins in ArgoKs (A^yof Ui'KKayou.) On the age and fortification of Lycosura in Arcadia, Pausan. viii, 38. Dodwell ii. p. 395. Sir W. Gell; City walls, pi. 11. On the very numerous Epi- rotic walls (Ephyra) Pouqueville Voyage dans la Gr^ce, T. i. p. 464 sqq. and elsewhere, Hughes' Travels, ii. p. 313. 46. The enormous, irregular, and polygonal blocks of 1 these walls are not, in the rudest and most ancient style, connected by any external means, and are entirely unhewn (dgyoi), and the gaps are filled up with small stones (at Tiryns); in the more improved style, on the contrary, they are skilfully hewn and fitted to one another with great nicety (at Argos and partly at Mycenae), from whence resulted the most indestructible of walls. The gates are mostly pyramidal; 2 regular towers could not be easily employed. This mode of 3 building passed through various intermediate stages into the square method, which was in later times the prevailing one, although it is not to be denied that in all ages polygonal blocks were occasionally employed in substructions. 1. In the first and ruder style the main thing was the quarrying and removing of stones with levers {^o-jcKivav Trir^ovg Eurip. Cycl. 241. conf. Od. ix, 240). The Cyclopean walls of Mycenae, on the contrary, were formed, according to Eurip. Here. Pur. 948 (Nonnus xli, 269), by means of the measuring-line and stone-axe, (poiviKi x-xvovt nxl rvx-oig yi^f^oa/^ivK. The stones were larger than x/na.^ict7oi. The walls of Tiryns from 20 to 24^ feet thick. 2. In the gates the jambs and lintels are mostly single blocks, the stone-door was mortised in the middle. In regard to towers, an angular one is to be found at the termination of a wall at Mycenae, and it is said that there was a semicircular one at Sipylus. In the walls of Mycenae and Larissa, and especially at Tiryns (in Italy also), are to be found gable-shaped passages formed of blocks resting against each other. [Gott- ling, das Thor von Mykenaj, N. Rhein. Mus. i. S. 161. The gateway of Mycenae, cleared away in 1842, is 6 paces in breadth, and proportionately long J there are wheel tracks visible in the smooth slabs of the floor.] The