A dictionary of terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences / by the late Richard D. Hoblyn.

  • Richard Hoblyn
Date:
1887
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences / by the late Richard D. Hoblyn. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.

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    ^]TH—AFF ^'THIOPS (Aleiorp, an Ethiop). Au Ethiop; and, hence, a medicine as black as an Ethiop. Hence the terms mineral wthiojDs, or black sulphide of mercury; cdldops per se, or grey oxide of mercury; martial cetliiops, or deutoxide of iron; &c. j^TIO'LOGY {alTio\oy'ia, a giv- ing of a cause ; from alr'ta, a cause, \6yos, an account). The doctrine of the causes or reasons of pheno- mena ; hence, the doctrine of the causes of disease, the proximate or occult, and the remote or evident causes. AFFECTIO, AFFECTUS {affi- cere, to do something to). The former term' denotes the aflPeoting of the mind or body; the latter denotes the effect thus produced. See Preface, par. 3. A'FFEEENT {affere, to convey to). Bearing or conducting; a term applied to the lymphatic vessels which convey fluids into the glands, as distinguished from the efferent vessels, which convey the fluids from the glands towards the thoracic duct. The term efferent has also been applied to those nerves which convey im- pressions to the central axis, and which Hartley called sensory nerves, in contradistinction to the efferent or motor nerves. See Efferent. ■ APFI'NITY, CHEMICAL {affi- nitas, relationship). That kind of attraction by which different , classes of bodies combine, at i insensible distances, to form com- pounds, or nevi bodies, as in tiio i case of an acid with an alkali, ] rorming a salt. The term was ] introduced from the idea that ^ :.'hemical attraction takes place ] aetween those substances only ] which resemble each other. The ( metaphor signifies, however, not a resemblance, hut a disposition to un ite. ! 1. Single affinity is the power by : which tivo elementar}' bodies oom- ■ bine, as hydrogen and chlorine. ; 2. Elective affinity denotes the ' preference which one body mani- fests in combining with anothei-, rather than with a third, a fourth, &c. 3. Bouhle elective affinity occurs when two compounds decompose each other, and two new com- pounds are formed, by an exchange of elements. This is also called double decomposition, or complex affinity. 4. Quiescent affinity is that which tends to maintain the elements of a compound in their present state, preventing decomposition. 5. Divellent affinity is that which tends to arrange the particles of a compound in a new form, producing decomposition. In mixing difi'erent compounds, if the sum total of the divellent be more powerful than that of the quiescent affinities, de- composition takes place. 6. Disposing affinity is that which promotes the tendency of bodies to combine in a particular way, by presenting to them a third substance which exerts a strong attraction to the compound they form ; when the combination has been ofl'octed, the third substance may be withdrawn. Somo writers call this tendency to unite the affinity of intermedium. Borthollet stylos it reciprocal affinity. _7. Borthollet distinguishes afll- nity into elementary, when it takes place between tho elementary parts of bodies; and resulting, when it takes place with a com- pound only, and would not take place with tho elements of that compound. APPl'NITY, BA'SYLOUS, HA- 0
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