On three several hurricanes of the Atlantic, and their relations to the northers of Mexico and Central America, with notices of other storms / by W.C. Redfield.

  • William C. Redfield
Date:
1846
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On three several hurricanes of the Atlantic, and their relations to the northers of Mexico and Central America, with notices of other storms / by W.C. Redfield. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

    10/142
    force, at that time, as far west as the American shores and over a large extent of country, north of Florida and bordering on the Gulf of Mexico.]* 2 Savannah, Geo., Int. 32° 05', Ion. 81° 07', Sept. 1st, wind N. E., a. m. cloudy, p. M. fair; 2d, cloudy, a. m., wind E., p. m. N. E.; 3d, wind N. E., fair; 4th, wind N. E., p. m. cloudy ; 5th, fair, a. m. wind E., P. M. S. E.t 3. St. Augustine, E. Florida, lat. 29° 40', Ion. 81° 35', Sept. 1st, fair, with high winds from E.; 2d, cloudy, high winds from N. E.; 3d, wind N. E.; 4th, rain a. m., fair p. m., wind N. E.; 5th, fair, wind lN. E.; 6th the same. 4. Palatka, East Florida, on the river St. John, lat. 29° 33', Ion. 81° 47', Sept. 1st, wind E., cloudy, N. E., fair; 2d, wind W., fair, N. E., rain ; 3d, wind N., cloudy, N. E., fair; 4th, wind N. E., fair; 5th and 6th, wind N. E., fair. 5. Fort Micanopy, East Florida, lat. 29° 5', Ion. 82° 5', Sept. 1st, a. m. wind N. E., fair, p. m. N., rain ; 2d, a. m. wind E-, p. M. N. E., fair; 3d, S. E., fair ; 4th, N. E., fair; 5th, S.,fair; 6th, S. E., cloudy. 6. Fort Brooke, Tampa Bay, (west coast of Florida peninsula,) lat. 27° 57', Ion. 82° 35', Sept. 1st, wind E., p. m. cloudy ; 2d, E., fair; 3d, E., p. M. cloudy ; 4th, a. m. IN. E., fair, r. M. E., rainy ; 5th, E., cloudy ; 6ih, E., fair. 7. Cedar Keys, East Florida, (northeast angle of the Gulf of Mexico,) lat. 29° 9', Ion. 82° 56', Sept. 1st, a. m. wind S. W., fair, p. m. N. E., rain; 2d, E., fair, p. M. rain, high winds ; 3d, E., fair; 4th, E., fair ; 5th, a. m. N. E., p. m. E.,fair ; 6th, E., fair. 8. Fort Fanning, Florida, lat. 29° 33', Ion. 83° 9', Sept. 1st, a. m. wind S., fair, p. M. E., rain ; 2d, S., fair; 3d, a. m. N. E., p. m. E, fair; 4th, a. m. N., p. m. E., fair; 5th, a. m. S. E.; p.m. S.,fair; 6ih, E., fair. 9. Fort Stansbury, Middle Florida, lat. 30° 18', Ion. 84° 8', Sept. 1st, wind E., rain ; 2d, A. M. E., p. m. S. E., rain; 3d, a. m. S. E., p. m. E., cloudy ; 4th, E., fair; 5th, a. m. N., p. m. S., fair; Cih, a. m. E., p. m. S. E., fair. 10. Fort Pickens, Pensacola Bay, West Florida, lat. 30° 18', Ion. 87° 12', Sept. 1st, wind N. E., rain ; 2d, a. m. N. E., rainy, p. M. E., cloudy ; 3d, a. m. N. E., p. m. E., cloudy; 4th, a. m. E.,p. m. S. E., fair; 5th, E., Aur; 6th, E., fair; 7th, S. E., fair. 11. Fort Morgan, Mobile Bay, Ala., lat. 30° 16', Ion. 88° 10', Sept. 2d, a. m. wind S., fair, p. M. S. E., rain ; 3d, S. E, rainy ; 4th, S. E., fair; 5th, S, E., fair, rainy p. ai.; 6th, S. E., fair; 7th, S. E , fair; 8th the same. ' Capt. Beaufort's symbols for denoting the strength of winds and the state of weather, which are very generally adopted by English authorities, and to which we must often refer, are substan- tially as follows :— The scale of the winds is from 0 to 12, the first indicating a calm and the last the full force of a hurricane. These numbers are not used with precision, but 5 and 6 may be viewed as per- taining to a storm-wind, when found in proximity with a gale or hurricane and in directions which are accordant with its winds, and even 4 or 3 may sometimes be thus viewed. The state of the weather is denoted as follows:— p. Passing showers. q. Squally, r. Continuous rain, s. Snow. t. Thunder. u. Ugly and threatening appearance. . Under any letter denotes an extraordinary degree. b. Blue sky, with or without clouds. c. Detached or opening clouds. d. Drizzling rain. /. Fog. g. Gloomy dark weather h. Hail. I. Lightning. m. Misty or hazy, intercepting view. o. Overcast with impervious cloud. The reader will find frequent occasion to refer to this note. t Most of the following observations in the United States are from the returns made to the Sur- geon General's Office, from the military posts, kindly furnished by Surgeon General Lawson. The scale of the wind's force prescribed for the United States military posts consists of ten numbers, in which 9 denotes a hurricane force, and 10 a violent hurricane. Thus a like force may be sometimes expressed by a number which is lower by two than in theEnglishscale, which is next mentioned, so far as relates to the higher numbers. There are some observers who use a scale of only six numbers to express the force of the wind, instances of which will occur in this article.