Lecture notes for chemical students. Vol. 1, Inorganic chemistry / by Edward Frankland.
- Edward Frankland
- Date:
- 1870
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Lecture notes for chemical students. Vol. 1, Inorganic chemistry / by Edward Frankland. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![pounds wliicli have not this property. In the modern accepta- tion of the name, an acid may he defined as a compound con-- taining one or more atoms of hydrogen, which become displaced by a metal when the latter is presented to the compound in the form of a hydrate. The hydrogen capable of being so displaced may be conveniently termed dis'placeable hydrogen. An acid containing one such atom of hydrogen is said to be monobasic, two such atoms dibasic, &c. Acids of a greater basicity than unity are frequently termed ])olybasic acids. Thus nitric acid gives, with sodic hydrate, sodic nitrate : NO3H -h ONaH = 'NO.'Nsl + OH,. Nitric acid- Sodic hydrate. Sodic nitrate. Water. Sulphuric acid gives, with potassic hydrate, potassic sulphate: SO,H, -f 20KH = SO,K, + 20H,: Sulphuric acid. Potassic hydrate. Potassic sulphate. Water. and hydrochloric acid gives, with potassic hydrate, potassic chloride : HCl -b OKH = KCl -f OH,. Hydrochloric Potassic Potassic Water, acid, hydrate. chloride. When an acid contains oxygen, its name is generally formed , by adding the terminal ic either to the name of the element with which the oxygen is united, or to an abbreviation of that name; thus sulphur forms, with oxygen, sulphuric acid; nitro- gen, nitric acid; and phosphorus, phosphoric acid. But it frequently happens that the same element forms two acids with oxygen; and when this occurs, the acid containing the larger amount of oxygen receives the terminal syllable ic, whilst that containing less oxygen is made to end in ous. Thus we have sulphurous acid, nitrous acid, and phosphorous acid, each containing a smaller proportion of oxygen than that necessary to form respectively sulphuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. In some instances, however, the same element forms more than two acids with oxygen, in which case the two Greek words hypo, under, and hyper, over, are prefixed to the name of the acid. Thus an acid of sulphur containing less oyxgen than](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b28127791_0025.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
