On the muscles and nerves of a chimpanzee (Troglodytes niger) and a Cynocephalus anubis / by Frank Champneys.

  • Champneys, Francis Henry, Sir, 1848-1930.
Date:
[1871]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the muscles and nerves of a chimpanzee (Troglodytes niger) and a Cynocephalus anubis / by Frank Champneys. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    ‘200 and extend(;d distally for tliroe quarters of an inch, but tlie small tlly of the Liiiiubriciilis of the little toe had only a minute oi’igin Avliicli was attached about tliree quarters of an inch from the division ot the tendon of tlie FI. 1. d. going to the little toe. -they weie inseited as in man, and were quite rs well developed as those of the hand, in which point they differed from those in man, Avhich in general they resembled. The chief differences were those of origin, which were due to the continuance of tendons from the FI. 1. h. to all the digits except the index and little toes*. Flexor accessorvas in Chimp, in both feet rose from the Cal- caneum, a little anterior to the internal tubercle (by one head, not two as in man) and stretching inwards and forwards was inseited into the external edge of the tendon of the FI. 1. d. just before the fusion with the tendon of tlie FI. 1. h. Tlie tendon was much longer, and smaller than in man In A,n. it was well-developed, and was present also in an adult Ax. specially examined, and rose from the fibular side of the middle ]iart of the plantar surface of the Calcaneum by a fleshy head, and from the adjacent corner of the Cuboid by a tendinous head; and was inserted into the outer side of the point of inter- communication of the common tendons of the FI. 1. d. and 1. h., thus running diagonally across the Calcaneum. Flexor brevis diyitoruvi in Chimp., a very complicated muscle. The principal portion rose from the inner side of the os-calcis as far as the tuberosity, and from the deep surface of the plantar fascia, by which it was connected with the origin of the Abductor pollicis. Two minute tendons were sent from that going to the third to fuse with the tendon of the flexor brevis going to the second (in- dex) toe, just mentioned, which they did opposite the metacarpo- phalangeal articulation, one of them developing about half-way a very small muscular belly. A small muscular belly was also detached from the main portion, and ended in a tendon which fused with the tendon to the 4th toe. This last rose from the surface of the tendon of the FI. 1. d., as far as the internal malleolus, and was chiefly ^ Duvernoy says, that only the Lumhricalis of the 2ud toe arises from the corresponding tendon of the Flex. long, dig., the others rising from the tendon of the Flex. long. hal. Dr Emhleton mentions “ a small muscle accessory to the Lnmbricales arising from the long Flexor tendon before its division.” He gives no further account of it. Could it possibly be that part of the FI. hr. d. which sent a tendon to the 4th toe in mine ? ' 2 This muscle was absent in Eolleston’s and Embleton’s specimens. Hum- phry found it small in both feet of one Chimp. In another Chimp, it did not reach the flexor tendon in one foot, and was absent in the other foot. Church found it in the Orang, sending a tendon to the tendon of Flexor longus to the little toe, and another, which accompanied that tendon, and, after being per- forated by it, was inserted into the second phalanx of the little toe. Humphry could not find it in Orang, but found it large in Ateles. In An., Cebus, and Inuus nemestrinus, it fused with the tendon of the Flexor longus digitorum, as in man. The coexistence of this muscle with the irregular slips described under FI. br. d., which have been stated (as by Vrolik, and apparently by Church, as above) .to partly reiirosent the Accessorius, tends to establish their nature as that of scattered portions of FI. br. d., as hereafter described, and at any rate in Chimp, disiiroves their homology with the Moles caruea.