A manual and dictionary of the flowering plants and ferns / by J.C. Willis.
- John Christopher Willis
- Date:
- 1908
Licence: In copyright
Credit: A manual and dictionary of the flowering plants and ferns / by J.C. Willis. Source: Wellcome Collection.
249/740 page 229
![and trop. Mostly water or marsh herbs with perennial rhizomes. Leaves various, erect, floating, or submerged and exhibiting structure corresponding to their conditions of life (see p. 160 and Sagittaria, Elisma, &c.). In the leaf axils are small scales. Laticiferous ves- sels occur. Infl. usually much branched, the primary branching race- mose, the secondary often cymose. Fir. 5 or S ? , regular, with perianth of 6 leaves in two whorls, the outer sepaloid, the inner petaloid. Sta. 6-co, with extrorse anthers. Cpls. 6-00, apocarpous, superior, with 1 (rarely 2 or more) anatropous ovule in each. Fruit a group of achenes ; seed exalbuminous: embryo horse-shoe shaped. Chief genera : Alisma, Elisma, Damasonium, Sagittaria. [Benth.- Ilook. unite A. with Butomaceae, placing them in Apocarpae.] Alkanna Tausch. Boraginaceae (iv. 3). 30 sp. Medit. &c. The root of A. tinctoria T. furnishes the red dye, alkanet or alkannin. Allamanda Linn. Apocynaceae (1. 1). 12 sp. trop. Am. and W. Ind. Alliaria Marsh. = Sisymbrium L. {A. ojjic. DC. = S. Alliaria Scop.). AUionla Loefl. Nyctaginaceae (1). 1 sp. Am. Anthocarp glandular (cf. Pisonia). Allium (Tourn.) Linn. Liliaceae (iv). About 250 sp. N. temp. A. nr- swum L. (garlic), A. Schoenoprasum L. (chives), and 6 others, in Brit. A. Cepa L. (Persia, &c.) is the onion, A. Porrum L. (Eur.) the leek, A. ascalonicum L. (Orient) the shallot, A. sativum L. (S. Eur.) the gailic. All are bulbous herbs with linear (or hollow centric) leaves and cymose umbels of firs. In many sp. the firs, are replaced by bulbils serving for vegetative reproduction (cf. Lilium). In A. ur~ sinum, &c. honey is secreted by the septal glands of the ovary ; the protandrous flr. is visited by bees and flies. Alloplectus Mart. (Crantzia Scop.) Gesneraceae (1). 35 sp. trop. Am. AUosoru8 Bernh. = Cryptogramme R. Br. Almeidea St. Hil. Rutaceae (v). 10 sp. Brazil. Alnus (Tourn.) Linn. Betulaceae. 14 sp. N. temp. (A. glutinosa Medic., the alder, in Britain.) Like Betula in most features. In the axil of each bract of the catkin are 3 flowers (see diagram of the order, and cf other genera) each with 4 stamens and 4 perianth leaves. I he hrnrfPAloc r, Q o' o> 1 Stem, flr. flr. flr. /3' P a p bract. leaves. The bracteoles a, p, p\ p' are present. (See diagram.) All these leaves are united with one another. In the ? catkin only two, the lateral, flowers occur, and the same bracts. After fertilisation, the ovary gives a one-seeded nut, uratl. under which is found a 5-lobed scale, the product of subsequent The llower is chaiaz°gamic (see p-81 and AIocaBia Neck. Araceae (vi). 20 sp. E. Ind. Herbaceous. Monoe- u‘0UcS' -, C;. Koch- is suPP°sed by Delpino to be fertilised Dy snails. The spadix is covered in its whole length with normal and abortive stamens and pistils; only ? flowers occur in the lower](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b28133389_0249.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
