Notes on analytical chemistry : for students in medicine / by Albert J. Bernays.
- Albert Bernays
- Date:
- 1886
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Notes on analytical chemistry : for students in medicine / by Albert J. Bernays. Source: Wellcome Collection.
12/160 page 2
![Solution Alkaline. Hydroxides and Salts. cipit<ate is grey-brown: divided into two portions, tlie one is soluble without etfervesceuce in nitric acid, HNO3, and the other in ammonia, NH.,. Then a hydroxide of the above metals, potassium, Ko, sodium, Na^, ammonium (NH^),, barium, Ba, strontium, Sr, or calcium, Ca, must be present, as these alone are soluble in water. Potassium hydroxide KOH | Sodium hydroxide . NaOH > Carbonates soluble in Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH ] water. Barium hydroxide . BaO.H, ] Carbonates insoluble . Strontium hydroxide Sr02H2 t ■ ^.r^^gj. Calcium hydroxide . CaOaHa j ^ The precipitate is liver-brown: an arsenate of potassium, sodium, or ammonium is present. The precipitate is yellow: a phosphate, or an arsenite of potassium, sodium, or ammonium is present. The precii^itate should be easily soluble in ammonia and in nitric acid. The precipitate is paler yellow: an iodide or a bromide of potassium, sodium, or ammonium is present. The precipitate should be insoluble in nitric acid, and, in the case of the iodide, insoluble also in ammonia. The precipitate is white: insoluble in dilute, but soluble in boiling nitric acid and in ammonia, cyanides. Insoluble in HNO3, but soluble in NH^OH, chlorides. The precipitate is wliite, changing quickly to yellow, orange, red, and black; a thiosulphate of potassium or sodium probably. The precipitate is white, soluble with effervescence in HNO3, and equally readily in NH3: it is a carbonate of Kg, Naj, or (NH4)2. Soluble without effervescence in nitric acid, readily in ammonia; probably a borate (oxalate, &c.) of K2, Nag, or (NH4)2. The precipitate is black: a sulphide of Kg, Nag, (NH4)2, Ba, Sf, or Ca. The sulphide is soluble in HNO3, and the original solution smells of HgS. The student will notice that the carbonates, the hydroxides, chlorides, cyanides, sulphides, arsenites, phosphates, arsenates, thiosulphates, bromides, and iodides of Kg, Nag and (NH4)2 are soluble in water. Although the hydroxides of barium, strontium, and calcium are soluble in water, the carbonates (phosphates, borates, arsenites, arsenates, &c.) of these metals are not soluble. Carbonate of sodium serves to distinguish solution of one group from the other. B. The solution is acid: blue litmus is reddened. aa. To a portion in a test-tube, about 15 drops, add sodium carbonate carefully. Effervescence without a precipitate: it](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21499056_0012.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
