Volume 1

Lexicon technicum: or, an universal English dictionary of arts and sciences / [John Harris].

  • John Harris
Date:
1736
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Lexicon technicum: or, an universal English dictionary of arts and sciences / [John Harris]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    -4- Slaves or Cattle, and fometimes Land of Inheri¬ tance ; but they mull be in Italy. ABAPTISTON, ANABAPTISTON, [»A- vTtv 'AvitjkiaftizWy Gr. ] an Infh'ument ulfed by Surgeons, a Sort of Trepan, the fame with Mo* diolus, which fee. ABARTICULATION [with Anatomijls] that Species of Articulation that has manifeft ‘Mo¬ tion. ABASE, [ abbatre, F. ] in the Sea Language, is to Lozver or Take in. To Abaje the Flag, is to take in the Flag. To ABATE, fignifies in Law to takfe Fofleffion of Land by a Perfon that hath no Right to it, after the Death of the Anceftor, and before the Entry of the right Heir. Alfo to Abate a Writ, fignifies to deltroy it for a Time, thro’ want of good Ground, or other Defedt. So to Abate a Flujarice, is to de1 Itroy it, &c. ABATEMENT of Honour, in Heraldry, is an accidental Mark annexed to a Coat of Arms, whereby its Dignity is abafed by reafon of fome dilhonourable Quality or Stain in the Bearer, and it is either by adding a Mark oj Diminution, or by Reverfon of the whole Efcutcheon. The Marks of Diminution are, i. A Delf Ten, which is a Square born in the middle of the Field, thus y and belongs to one that hath revoked his Challenge, or eaten his Words. 2. A Point Dexter parted Tenn : due to him that is a Braggadocio, or boafts of more than he did, or can do. 3. A. Point in Point Sanguine, thus; due to him that is Lazy and Slothful in the Wars. 4. A Point Champain Term: which is due to him that kills his Prifoner after Quarter demanded, and his Commander’s Leave to give it y bom thus. 5* A Plain Point Sanguine, born thus ; due to one that is a Lyar, and tells falfe Stories to his Sovereign. 6. A Goar Sinijler Tenn, born thus ; and is due to him that is proved a Coward : But a Goar Dexter is not an Abatement. 7. A Gufjet Sanguine, born thus; where are two Gullets one on each Side. The Gullet is an Abatement proper for an effeminate, lafcivious Man ; and is then born on the right Side; but if he be given to too much Wine, the Gullet is on the left Side; if to both, he Ihould bear two Gullets, as in this Example. two-fold i 1. When a Man bears in this own'* Efcutcheon another Re-- verfed* -as thus ; whidh‘is due td a1 rude and uncivil Treater of Maid or Widow ; or as fome fay, for de¬ flowring her only •, and alfo, for one that runneth away from his So¬ vereign’s Banner. 2. When a Man’s own Efcutcheon is entirelv Revelled,’ which is due'td a Traitor. if B. Thefe Abatements zxt nevef charged with any thing ; are always born fingle, and their Colour is never of Metal, but always ei¬ ther Murrey or Tawney. ABATEMENT [ in Law ] the Adt of abatingj defeating, or difabling ; alfo the entring of an In¬ heritance, by Itepping in between the former Pof- feflor and the next Heir. ABATOR, [inthz Common Lazo] is he that dbatethy that is, intrudeth into a Houfe or Land void by the Death of the former Pofleffor, and not yet entred, or taken up by his Heir. ABBACY, is the Government of a Religious Houle, with the Revenues and Perfons fubjedt to an Abbat. ABBAT, [ Aboto, Abuto, Sax. ] is a Spiritual Lord, having the Rule of Religious Houfes, (accor¬ ding to our Common .Law). Some Abbats in England were called Mitred Abbats; and fucH were exempted from the Jurifdidtion of the Dioce- fan, having Epifcopal Authority themfelves within their Limits, and were alfo fiords of Parliament. Thefe were fometimes call’d Abbats Sovereign, and Abbats General. The other’ Abbats were fubjedl to the Diocelan in all Spiritual Government. There were alfo Lords Priors, which had exempt Jurif- didtion, and were Lords of Parliament. Of thefe Lords Abbats and Priors, Sir Edw. Coke faith there were 29 that fat in Parliament, 27 Abbats, and 2 Priors. But fometimes their Number was varied, there being but 25, Abbats and 2 Priors in a Parliament held in the 20 Rich. 2. ABBROCHMENT, is the Fore-Hailing of a Market or Fair, by buying up the Wares before they are expofed to Sale in fuch Market or Fair,, and then vending them again by Retail. ABBUTTALS, [of aboutery F. ] are the But¬ tings and. Boundings of Lands any Way, Ihewing how they lie in refpedl to other Places. ABDICATION, a Term of the Roman Law, fignifying feveral Things; as the abandoning of a Son, when he was expell’d his Father’s Houfe, and refufed to be owned as his Child. Abdicare Ma- giflratum, or fe magijlratu, was to abandon or lay down the Office of a Magiftrate. We meet there alfo with Abdicare fe Jlatu fuoy which fignifies a Man’s renouncing his Condition to become a Slave, and to be degraded from the Privileges of a Roman Citizen. , ABDICERE, fignifies to debar a Man from his Demands, or not to allow them : Thus Abdicere vindicias, was in the Roman Law, not to allow a Man the Pofieffion of Things in Controverfy, as; addicere vindicias is the very contrary. Though the Word Abdication fignifies ftridly an adiual and voluntary Renouncing, yet in a larger Senfe, at Common Law, it may be properly ufed where there is only an implicit Renunciation ; as when a Perfon does fuch Adi ions which are incon- fiftent with the Nature of his Truft, he does in Con-‘ fequence
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