Volume 1

Lexicon technicum: or, an universal English dictionary of arts and sciences / [John Harris].

  • John Harris
Date:
1736
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Lexicon technicum: or, an universal English dictionary of arts and sciences / [John Harris]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    mi fed, committed^ detained, or did owe any thing, upon his Oath. Thus with him Abjurare Creditum was to forfwear a Debt, or to deny on Oath that he ow’d the Debt. . ABLACTATION, the weaning of a Child that hath fucked its full Time. Alfo a kind of Grafting, when the Cyon remaineth on its own Stock, and the Stock you graft it on, together, till fuch Time as they are furely incorporated j then the Cyon is cut from its own, and lives only by the other Stock. , . ABLAQUEATION, a laying open or baring the Bottohi of the Trunk and Roots of Trees, that fo being expofed to the Air, the Sun and the Rains, they may the better fructify, or bear rruit the enfuing Year. . „ . , r ^ r ABLATIVE Cafe, is the laft of the fix Cafes of Nouns and Participles in Grammar, and is fo called becaufe it ufually takes away one thing from another. ’Tis called alfo the Latin Cafe, becaufe almoft peculiar to the Latin Tongue, and is ufually connected with fome Prepolitions, which ferve to determine it. _ . . ABLEPSY, [A0x&4<*, Gr.] Want of Sight, natural Blindnefs. . ABLUTION, (properly a wafhing away) the Preparation of a^Medicine in any Liquor, to cleanle it from its Impurities. ABLUENT Medicines, are the fame with Ab- jiergent; which fee. ABNODATION, in Agriculture, fignifies the pruning of Trees, and cutting off Knots and Knobs* ABOLITION, in Metaphyficks, is an utter Deftrudtion of any Being. ABOLITION of a Law, is the perfeft repeal¬ ing it, or the entire taking of it away, fo that it Ihall never have Force again. ABOMASUS, OMASUM, (the Paunch) one of the Stomachs of Ruminant Animals, or fuch as chew the Cud; of which are reckoned four, the Venter, Reticulum, Omafus, and Abomafus. L. ABORIGINES, are fuch Nations as the Italians, who pretend anciently to be without Original or Derivation from any other Nation or People. ABORTION, [ of Aborior, L. to rife or fpring up untimely,] the bringing forth of a Child (or Foe¬ tus) before its due Time. ABORTIVE, is fpoken of a Foetus brought forth before its Time: Hence it is alfo an Epithet given to any Defign or Purpofe that mifearries. ABRASION, [with Surgeons ] a fuperficial rai- fing of the Skin. ABRENUNCIATION, is a renouncing or for- faking of any thing entirely. ABREVIATIONS, are Contraftions in Wri¬ ting, or otherwife, whereby any thing that is writ¬ ten or fpoken, is contained in, or takes up much lets Room than it would do, if written or delivered at large. ABREUVOIRS, are the Intervals or Spaces be¬ tween the Stones, or the Joints where the Mortar lies in any Pillar, Wall, or Building, F. ABRIC, with fome Chymilts, the fame with Sulphur. ABRIDGMENT of a Plaint, in Common Law, is, when one Part of the Plaintift’s Demand is left out, and it is prayed that the Defendant may anfwer to the other. To ABROGATE, fignifies to difannul or re¬ peal ; as to Abrogate a Law, is to lay it afide, or to repeal it. So that the ABROGATION of a Law, is the repealing it, or taking it quite away. ABSCESS, [ AbfceJJus, Lf] an Ulceration arifing in any Part of the Body after a Crifis: The fame with Apoftema. ABSCISSAE, in a Conick Seftion, or other Cur- vilineal Figure, are the Parts of the Axis cut off by the Ordinates, and accounted downwards from the Vertex of the Section. Thus V r or V R are the AbfciJJa in this Figure. Thefe are called by fome Writers, the Intercepted Axes, or Inter¬ cepted Diameters. V ABSIS, the fame with Apfis; which fee. ABSOLUTE : This Word, (which fignifies. Free from the Power of another) is varioufly ufed. Sometimes the Terms of a Propofition are faid to be taken abfolutely, that is, without Relation to a- ny thing elfe. A Prince is faid to be abfolute, when he makes his Will his Law, and will in no refpedt be reftrained or limited by the Laws of his Coun¬ try. This is otherwife called Arbitrary Power; and arifes from an Imperfection both in the Under- ftanding of the Prince, and in the Spirits of the People. But God Almighty is abfolute from the Perfection of His Nature, as containing in Himfelf all poflible Power, and lying under no Limitations nor Reftraints from any one. Abfolute is fometimes taken alfo in Oppolition to Terms or Conditions; thus God doth not forgive Men their Sins abfolutely, but on Condition of their Repentance and Amend¬ ment ; and a Prieft cannot abfolve Men from the Guilt of their Sins abfolutely, but only declarative- ly and minilterially, on the Condition of the Per- fon’s Penitence and Refolutions for Amendment. So (in Law) an Abfolute Eftate is one free from all Manner of Conditions. ABSOLUTE Eftate, [in Lawf\ is an Eftate free from all Manner of Conditions and Incum¬ brances. ABSOLUTE Number, in an Equation in Alge¬ bra, is that which Viet a calls the Homogeneum Com- parationis, and which always poffeffeth one entire Part or Side of the Equation, and is always a known Quantity ; and the ReCtangle or Solid, under the unknown Roots, in Quadraticks and Cubicks : Thus in this Equation 16^=3 6. The Ab¬ folute Number is 36, which is equal to the Square of the unknown Root a, added to 16 times a: Again, in this Equation x° + 20 x1 - 1 o # = 100, 100 is the Abfolute Number, which is equal to .vs-f-zo x* — 1 ox, which is a Cubick Equation. See Equations. ABSOLUTE Equation, in Aflronomy, is the Aggregate or Sum of the Eccentrick and Optick Equations. See Equation. ABSOLUTE Motion, is the Succeffion of the Exiitence of Bodies in divers Parts of univerfal and immoveable Space. See Motion. ABSOLUTE Place, is Part of the univerfal Space immoveable, and occupied by Body. See Place. ABSOLUTE Gravity, is the whole Force by which any Body tends downward. See Gravity. ABSORBENTS, are Medicines that temper and qualify the acid Juices in the Body, by imbi¬ bing
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