Volume 1

Wissenschaftliche Berichte des XI. Milchwirtschaftlichen Weltkongresses : 22. bis 28. August 1937, Berlin... / Bearbeitet und zusammengestellt vom Generalsekretariat des XI. Milchwirtschaftlichen Weltkongresses Berlin, verlegt durch Molkerei-Zeitung, Hildesheim.

  • International Dairy Congress
Date:
1937
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Wissenschaftliche Berichte des XI. Milchwirtschaftlichen Weltkongresses : 22. bis 28. August 1937, Berlin... / Bearbeitet und zusammengestellt vom Generalsekretariat des XI. Milchwirtschaftlichen Weltkongresses Berlin, verlegt durch Molkerei-Zeitung, Hildesheim. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    24/532 page 4
    The Influence of Sires when Mated to 4% Butterfat Dams In this same study it was found that there were 1459 daughters of the sires that were mated to 4% dams. The average test of these daughters was 3.569, which is appreciably above the average of the breed. The distribution of the sires and daughters according to test classifications was as follows: Table II. Average Butterfat Test of all 600-Pound Butterfat Daughters of Sires Which were Mated to 4% Dams Glasses Number Number of all Average Test of all of Daughters of Sires cc) es lesen, na 3.0 2 3 3,180 3 9 149 3,391 3.4 21 190 3,495 3.6 34 451 3,944 3.8 28 290 3,966 4.0 17 270 3,741 4.2 4 62 3,663 4.4 2 18 3,622 4.6 1 26 3,630 Various studies on the inheritance of milk fat suggest blended multiple factor inherit- ance, approaching a little nearer the lower testing parent. Gowen’s? coefficient of cor- relation of the influence of sires upon their daughters (from different dams) was 0.5. These data all suggest that the sire and dam are about equal in their influence upon the offspring with reference to butterfat test. Nevertheless there is an occasional example of the overpowering influence of the sire or dam for several generations. Burrington and White® reported a study of records covering a period of 20 years in which time the fat percentage of the milk of the descendants of two Holstein cows, one testing 3.25 and the other 3.46%, remained apart to the fifth generation even though bulls were mated in common upon the two families. Obviously, the germ plasm of these two fundation cows possessed a concentration of the factors for fat percentage which predominated in their respective lines. With the increase in the average test of all daughters of a sire the test of his daughters out of certain dams increases to a marked degree with the increased fat test of such dams. Fat Percentage Transmission by the Sire From whence does the sire get his transmitting ability? A few bulls uniformly transmit to their daughters a fat test above the breed average. In fact one New Jersey herd, owned by Harris‘, reached the extraordinary test of 4% in 1934 and last year the average production of the 14 purebred Holstein cows in this herd, which was milked twice daily, was 10,196 pounds ot milk and 406 pounds of butterfat with a fat percentage of 3.98. The sire that contributed most to the attainment of this high fat test was from a 4% dam. He was bred to dams averaging 3.7% and the average of his 11 unselected daughters was 3.96%, thus indicating that his index for fat percentage was approximately 4.22. Another herd owned by Katzenstein® made a notable advance through the work of one sire that was also from a 4% dam that was a member of a high-testing family. On the mature, twice-a-day milking basis, his first 17 unselected daughters had an average yearly production of 10,689 pounds of milk and 416,8 pounds of butterfat with a fat percentage of 3.89. On the same basis the dams of the daughters had an average yearly production of 10,116 pounds of milk and 348 pounds of fath with a percentage of 3.44—thus indicating that this sire’s index for fat percentage was approximately 4.34. In the proving of 75 New Jersey Holstein bulls where the yearly records of 5 or more unselected daughters were compared with records of the daughters’ dams, it was found that when the average fat percentage of the daughters was lowered below the average of the dams’ it was usually by a larger margin than when it was raised above their average.
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