Disposal and purification of factory wastes or manufacturing sewage / by H. W. Clark.

Date:
1910
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Disposal and purification of factory wastes or manufacturing sewage / by H. W. Clark. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

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    per acre daily. Subsequently, when the surface sand became again badly clogged, the sand throughout the entire depth of the filter was examined, which examination showed that the clogging was confined practically to the upper 3 inches, and was due to fatty matters present in the wastes on account of the addition to these average wastes of those from wool- scouring. The fatty matters present in the upper 3 inches of sand aver- aged 500 parts per 100,000. The effluent from the filter was always clear and odorless, but had considerable color. The average analysis of its effluent for the two months of its operation was as follows: — Average Analysis of Effluent from Filter No. 384. [Parts per 100,000.] Ammonia. Nitrogen as — Oxygen Consumed. Free. Albuminoid. Nitrates. Nitrites. .2347 .1614 .03 .0004 1.88 The experiments with the wastes from this mill indicated that they could be purified without any great difficulty to a degree sufficient to allow their entrance into the river without nuisance, by a sand filter, or strainer, operated at a rate of 500,000 gallons per acre daily, with the production of an effluent containing but a small percentage of the organic matter in the original waste. The waste before passing to such a filter should have passed through ample settling basins to allow time for the sedimentation of the large amount of matter in suspension, and the waste from the wool- scouring processes should have received separate treatment to remove the fatty matters before being mixed with the remaining wastes from the mill. Mill No. 8. The wastes discharged from this mill came from the processes of washing, boiling and dyeing heavy woolen cloth, the total volume of waste amounting to between 30,000 and 35,000 gallons daily. Aniline dyes were used. The process of washing after dyeing covered a period of from one and one-half hours to two hours. The first waste wash- water discharged was dirty and black, and contained large quantities of heavy suspended matter. During the rest of the washing period the water was much clearer, and contained but small amounts of matters in suspension. The total waste water from the mill consisted of approxi- mately 1 part of spent dye liquor to 13 parts of the water from cloth- washing.
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