A system of chemistry, in four volumes (Volume 1).

  • Thomas Thomson
Date:
1818
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A system of chemistry, in four volumes (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    PAGE table of expansion of water, 11. Many liquids expand in crystallizing, ex- pansion of ice, 80 12. Some bodies contract in freezing, - 81 ii. Clianges in the state of bodies, - - - SI iii. Conversion of solids into liquids, - - 8'J 1. Takes place at a parti- cular.temperature, 82 2. Table of melting points, 83 3. \\ ater cooled under the freezing point, 8.5 4. Freezing of saline so- lutions, - - 83 5. Freezing of strong a eids, C. Black's opinion, that fluidity is occasion- ed by latent beat, 8f> proved by experiment, S (at/ nt. beat of water, 80 7. Latent beat of other bodies, - - 90 8. Softness and ductility owing to (be same cause, - - 90 2. Some bodies become vapour at all tem- peratures, others not, - - 91 3. Boiling explained, 91 4. Boiling points, 5. vary with the pressure, 92 fi. Elasticity of vapour, 9 table of elasticity of steam - - 93 7. Elasticity of other va pours, - - 94 9. Vapours are liquids combined with ca- loric, - - 9) iii. Gases supposed to be liquids combined with caloric, - 9 1. Condensed by cold, 2. and pressure, - 97 3. Objections to this opi nion, - - 98 iii. Changes in composition, 98 caloric decomposes bodies, - § V. Of the quantity of Caloric in bodies, 99 i. Of the specific caloric of bodies, - 99 table of specific heats, 103 1. General results, 100 (i. Of the absolute quanti- ty of heat in bodies, 107 1. Hypothesis of Dr. Ir- vine, - - 107:. 7. Dalton'h hypolhcsi;, 111 iii. Of cold, - - ttg] 113 113 114 119 120 120 121 PAGE ascribed to frigorific particles, their existence dis- proved apparent reflection of cold, - of freezing mixtures, 114 table of frigorific mix- tures without ice, 115 do. with ice, - 116 do. combinations of frigorific mixtures, 117 § VI. Of the sources of Caloric, - -' lis The sun, nature of, 118 Solar rays heat opaque bodies in propor- tion to the darkness. of their colour, Heat produced by the rays of the sun, By burning glasses, ii. Combustion, - Hooke's theory of, a- dopted by Mayow, 122 different theories of, (note) - - 122 Theory of Stahl, 123 Modified by Priestley, 124 7, 8. By Crawford and Kirwun, - - 124 9. Refuted by Lavoisier, 125 11. Theory of Lavoisier, 126 Difference between o.xygenizement and combustion, - 127 14. Difficulty respecting the origin of the heat and light - 15. Removed bv Brugna- t. Hi, ■ - IG. Bodies divided into supporters, com- bustibles, and in- combustibles, - 20. Combustibles contain light, table of heat produ- ced by combustion 133 ii. Percussion, heat pro- duced by, 1. Condensation dimin ishes specific calo ric, 5. Why heat is occasion- ed by percussion, iv. Friction, heat produ- ced by, - an: logy between ca- loric and electri- city, v. Mixture cbang-.-s tem- perature, 1. Water net .». Increase of density 144 144 144 128 128 129 13!) 134 137 i; 138 1 il evolves heat, the contrary </>!■'. lis PAGE Solidification of water evolves heat, vi. Electricity, heat pro- duced by Effect of, on metals, Heat evolved by an electric discharge, 145 Berzelius' theory of combustion, - 146 Chap. 111.—Of Electricity, 147 1. Two electric fluids vi- . treous and resinous, 148 Attraction & repulsion, 149 Conductors and non- conductors, Excitement, Conductors, - Distribution of elec- tricity, 8. Origin of galvanism, galvanic pile, chemical decomposi tion, law of Berzelius, discoveries of Davy, Division II.— OfPonde rable Jiodies, Chap. I.—Of Simple Sup- porters of Combustion, 155 controversies respect- ing, §1.—Of Oxygen, method of procuring it, - 1. Properties of oxygen, 2. Specific gravity, Supports flame and 4 life, - 5. Exists in the atmos- phere, 8. Combination with wa- ter, § H. Of Chlorine, - 1. Properties, 2. Specific gravity, 3. Destroys colours, i. Supports combustion, but 5. destroys life, 167 6. Absorhed by water, 167 9. Combines with four doses of oxygen 1. Protoxide of, 2. Deutoxide of, 3. Chloric acid, i. Perchloric acid, $ HI. Of Inline, 1. Preparation, 2. Properties, 6. Iodides, 8. Iodic acid, 9. Chlopiodic acid, 10. Combines with starch, 178 h IV. Of Fluorine, - 17(5 preparation, . 179 properties, - . igo theory of fluorine, 180 1. Proofs of its existence, 181 149 149 150 150 151 152 153 153 154 155 155 161 161 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 168 168 170 171 172 173 173 174 174 175 176