Elements of chemistry, including the history of the imponderables and the inorganic chemistry of the late Edward Turner / [Edward Turner].

  • Edward Turner
Date:
1846
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Elements of chemistry, including the history of the imponderables and the inorganic chemistry of the late Edward Turner / [Edward Turner]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    171/880 page 145
    3. Double Sulphate of Potassa and Ammonia. (C << u 6C cc cc iC a 4. Sulphate of Zinc. 44 Magnesia, “ Nickel. Alumina. Sesquioxide of Iron. Sesquioxide of Chromium. [Where a gas, as oxygen or hydrogen, enters into the composition of a solid compound, it is obvious that we cannot compute its equivalent volume, as part of the compound, from its equivalent weight, and its sp. gravity in the gaseous condition, its sp. gravity in the solid form, being requisite for this purpose. In such cases the equivalent volume of the gaseous element is inferred from a com¬ parison of the equivalent volume of the compound and the non-gaseous ingre¬ dient. Thus Equivalent volume of Protoxide of Lead, or Ph 0 = 11 68 ) p..__ 0 ^ Do. do. of Lead, or Ph = 9T2] z OD* In the protoxide of lead, therefore, the eq. volume of the oxygen is, in this way, inferred to be 2*56. It will readily appear, however, that this result is only correct upon the sup¬ position that the lead exists in this compound in its primitive equivalent volume (9*12). W'ere it condensed to one half, or in any other way changed, the eq. vol. of the oxygen thus deduced would differ from the above. It is, however, an interesting fact that we obtain the same eq. vol. for the combined oxygen in a large number of analogous oxides, by adopting the same hypothesis in regard to eq. volumes of the other metals. Thus Equivalent volume of Protoxide Zinc, or Zn 0 = 7 20) Do. do. of Zinc, or Zn = 4-645 Diff. = 2-56. Equivalent volume of Protoxide of Cadmium, or Cd 0=9-04) Do. do. of Cadmium, or Cd =6*48y 1 ‘ Equivalent volume of Protoxide of Copper, or Cu 0 = 6-08) _ Do. do. of Copper, or Cu =3-525 1 ' ~ Applying the same mode of calculation to the binoxides and sesquioxides, and still assuming the primitive equivalent volume of the metal to be retained by it while combined, we obtain in a large number of cases the same value as above, for the equi valent volume of the oxygen. Thus Equivalent volume of Binoxide of Lead, or Ph02 = 14-24) K 10_0 0 .. Do. do. of Lead, or Ph = 9-125 ° ^ ~ ^ Equivalent volume of Sesquioxide of Lead, or Ph203 = 25-92) - 0 Do. do. of Lead, or Ph = 9-12 ] 7'bb =d X ^'5b Equivalent volume of Sesquioxide of Iron, or Fe203 = 14-72) n rQ_0 0 Do. do. of Iron, or Fe = 7-045 ~ d X [It is therefore a reasonable presumption from these facts, that the equivalent volume of the oxygen, as it exists in the various oxides referred to, is invariable, and is represented, according to the hydrogen scale, by 2-56. There is, how¬ ever, a second class of oxides, such as the sesquioxide of chromium, (Cr 03) in which the eq. vol. of the oxygen, as inferred by a similar process, is one half, and a third class, including the binoxide of copper (Cu20), in which it is twice 12
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