A dictionary of practical surgery: comprehending all the most interesting improvements, from the earliest times down to the present period : an account of the instruments, remedies and applications employed in surgery : the etymology and signification of the principal terms : ... forming together a "catalogue raisonné" of surgical literature (Volume 1).

  • Samuel Cooper
Date:
1823
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of practical surgery: comprehending all the most interesting improvements, from the earliest times down to the present period : an account of the instruments, remedies and applications employed in surgery : the etymology and signification of the principal terms : ... forming together a "catalogue raisonné" of surgical literature (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

    29/712
    tenesmus, extreme emaciation, and debi- lity. That the foregoing account is not at all exaggerated, may be seen by a perusal of the cases, and remarks published by Mr. C White of Manchester, and Mr. Hey of Leeds. In cases, like that reported by Mr. Hey, (Pract. Obs. P. 509. Ed. 2.) where the colon was entirely obstructed, surgeons have been advised to cut into that bowel, and extract the foreign body. Let the inexpe- rienced admirer of curious feats with the scalpel, however, pause a little, before he ventures to make up his mind upon this matter; and, at all events, let him know that some serious mistakes have nearly been made upon the very bold operation of cutting out these concretions, when lodged in the colon, proposed by Dr. Mon- ro senior, (See Monro's Morbid Anatomy of the Human Gullet, fyc. P. 63.) we think it our duty to state, that the diagnosis is so difficult, that, in one case, where the ope- ration was strongly advised, it turned out, upon dissection, that the disease was a scirrhous pylorus. (See Edinb. Med. and Surg. Journ. No. 33. P. 112.) Sometimes patients ultimately get well by voiding the concretions either by vo- miting or stool. Mr. Charles White gives us an account of some such instances ; in one fourteen concretions on plum-stones were discharged from the anus ; in another twenty-one similar bodies were ejected from the stomach. When such concretions are not particu- larly large and indurated, they sometimes admit of expulsion by doses of castor oil, oleaginous clysters, fcc. But, in other instances, their extraction must be attempt- ed, if their situation in the rectum will permit. It may be done with a pair of lithotomy forceps, or with the sort of scoop used for taking fragments-of stone out of the bladder. In this manner Mr. C. White succeeded in removing two alvine concre- tions from the rectum, nearly as big as his fist. When the sphincter ani will not allow the concretion to be taken out, the muscle should be divided at its posterior angle. According to Richerand, such a division does not permanently weaken its fibres in a perceptible degree, and its paralysis never originates from this cause. (Nosogr. Chir. T. 3, p. 434. Edit. 4.) Mareschal, after a proper dilatation with a scalpel, extracted from the rectum an alvine concretion, which weighed two ounces and a half, and was of an ovoid form, its greatest diameter being two inches eight lines, and its smaller one inch seven lines. (See Mim. de V Acad, de Chir.) .]. Petermann, Scrutinium Jcteri ex calcu- lis vesiculee Fellis, occasione casus cujusdam singularis. Lips. 1696. Alb. Haller, De Calculis Fclleis frequenlioribus Observa- 'ioncs,4to. Gott. 1749. T. Coe, A Treatise on Biliary Concretions, Svo. Land. 1757. Imbert, De Variis Cahulorvm Biliarum Spe- rm, J debits, <V<\ 4to. Muusp. 17J8. he i Diss, de Calculo liiliario, ct seclione fellecr vesiculee, 4to. Traj. ad Rlien. 1759. Wal ther de Concremenlis Terrestribus i?i variis partibus corporis humani repertis. Fol. Aerol. 1775 : the most valuable work on the subject at this period. Hochstetler, De Cho- lelithis Humanis, 4to. Tub. 1763. Vicq d. Azyr, Hist, de la Societc. Royale de Med 1799. An exceeding valuable production, particularly as far as regards the kinds of crystallization observable in hepatic and in- testinal calculi. Durande, Memoire sur les pitrres biliares, el sur I'ejjicacitd du melange d'ether vitriolique et d'esprit de tiribinthine dans les colique htpatique produites par ces concretions, dans vol. 1 des Mtm. de I'Acad. de Dijon, Svo. p. 199. an. 1783. S. T. Soem- mering, De Concremenlis biliariis Corporis humani, 8vo. Traj. ad Rhen. 1795. B. Brunie, Essai sur les Calculs biliaires, 4to. Paris, 1803. Fourcroy, Mem. de I'Acad. des Sciences, 1789. and Syst. des Connoissances Chim. T. 10, p. 53—60. Dr. Bostock, in Ni- cholson's Journal, Vol.4, p. 137. Marcet's Chymical History and Medical Treatment of Calculous Disorders, Svo. Lond. 1817. J. F. Meckel, Handbuch der Pathol. Anat. B. 2, p. 455, S/-C. Leips. 1818. P. Rubini, Pensieri sulla varia Origine e Natura de Corpi calco- losi che vengono talvolia espulsi dal Tubo Gastrico Memoriu, 4to. Verona, 1808. James Kennedy, An Account of a Morbid Concretion discharged from the Rectum of the Human Female, and in its Chymical Characters closely nsembling Ambergris; with Historical Remarks: see Medico Chir. Journal, Vol. 4. p. 177, <^-c. 1817. This paper contains a good deal of useful matter, deserving the notice of every body wishing to investigate the history and nature of alvine concretions. Monro's Morbid Anatomy of the. Human Gullet, Stoinach, and Intestines, Svo. Edinb. 1811. The account of alvine concre- tions in this work is one of the best and most comprehensive. Diet, des Sciences Med. art. Besoard, et Calculs Biliaires. Nothing of much consequence in either of these articles. Moscovius, Diss, de Calculorum Animalium. eorumque in primis biliosorum origine et na- tura. Berol. 1812. Cases in Surgery, by C. White, Svo. Lond. 1770, p. 17. Philos. Trans, abridged, Vol. 5, p. 256, et seq. Edinb. Med. Essays and Obs. vol. \,p. 301. Ibid. vol. 5, p. 431. Essays Phys. and Lite- rary, vol. 2, p. 345. Leigh's Natural History of Lancashire, plate 1, fig. 4. W. Hey's Practical Obs. in Surgery, p. 507, ed. 2. Richerand, Nosographie Chirurgicale, t. 3, p 433. ed. 4. Thomas, in Med. Chir. Trans- actions, vol. 6, p. 98. *AMAUROSlS (froma^au/oa), toobscurc.) Gulta screna. Suffusio nigra. Fr. L'Amau- rose; Germ. Schwarzer Staar. According to Beer, the term amaurosis properly means that diminution or total loss of sight, which immediately depends upon a morbid state of the retina and optic nerve, whether this morbid state exist as the only defect, or be complicated with other mischief; whether it be a primary affection, or a secondary