The experimental determination of mental discipline in school studies / by Harold Ordway Rugg.
- Harold Rugg
- Date:
- 1916
Licence: In copyright
Credit: The experimental determination of mental discipline in school studies / by Harold Ordway Rugg. Source: Wellcome Collection.
149/154 page 135
![corpo une peeany cr ere sa er ioeanre = peenles nnn reemtesie ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF THE EXPERIMENTAL LITERATURE OF MENTAL DISCIPLINE « . Plate £. Stuares dealing with Memory .~— H.0.fugg ~/9/35.__ ; mn a | Deseri t10) Fe 5 y : RO: wt = ; . R110 of Test and Framnimg Serves N ve Srarisrica/ Fesu/rs Interpretations and | Further Lriverprerire 6 : j Test Series 4 aing Series |S DN Traned Group Control Group Conclusions Corn 77e 177 “werd Duration Varied with th 2vaee? — Trainin Ave Time per line jearned | A improvernent 1 “ : ; C 2 F ; nmemory No Conrro!l Group to measure ais ae Subjecr from 8 to Br days: pide hes ye aia | ee rie es es hg bya com thru tm provernrient 17) Pracrice €ffect of Jesr Series Cy amMeEMor!/ ZING or rehr| Ser/es for Subjects 3and 2 ie lines German Peery 2 1#7s | 1454 + O.2/ ones habilval methods of aga dite whl f Pag Sse tel, SE pC ates ede ceil Ae Am Eand Soda ys eset 3 Nor reported None |3 12, 2%, 72h +0. Mo FECOAING fac7rs ental corre pions” No definite ; 2 IAS Of Psy- y PSP LA 4- aso lines of ? ig oe 3.08. 70.63. J believed there wWou/d be nolnrrospecrive anaiyses of metho of poss bfe “spread ‘of Trg effect *travister” of Improvenner rt (+? : : A qroneer sruay 1h) Trarvisrer.” Gain\|| sremor Cholog Memerizing of yorrous SZ ner reported © 143% 5| 14. %o| - 245 Kinds of verse. 4 “ Freeper tyre , c s/o. ; CHIVAS F1, 4-9 YY COL? 7 ie e per ve a Sebi 2 Mernror12/1Q. or /6/1Nes ,L2eKs Lana & of TEER Dy A 7esr. ; SU0by ECTS, Baivigvadly For Ce eT ENED hd ae KORE : of Tennysot7 5, Coming of | Faradise Los7” ; Dive Pere es BA ety Gris. Sete TSC eh ce tel -Orrz1Ng VETSsEe Arthur-ard Guineveré De ees ee Pe None i . 0.3 13. 33.% Apt g CHAS -FICCA? GS 7.41.7: [ 7%). PET AAay for GAYS: aes Wy is Wf, 47-39 20.37 -/7.7 18.5 10-6 42) 29:06 to devel of trerthodgs* of /earr?- LHI TD SEVJES 17-44) F:(2)EDOWS F consecurive day>. Wer‘oa@17 For HA.P/i)= 13 Yo SIG) 2-9: Leay/1G, By teholes f SOS5S. FRU PATA LF FOOD PIEAGTEC | < 0 AA Pia) = 56 Y0 FEAGiNG rapidly, OCF CPC. fOr SUC GFHIETA! COPC/YSIOP. Tntilceence of rraining by yep mprovemerit 1172 TraIIIG > Sos M772 PMPEMNOLIZINTIG S€ries ©. { Se pres: Pte tied days Seg re al} POT? SIG at S| SYWa bles (/2 sy//ab/es hours) +o relearn The Series NES lerters, PorimMs, ert. WQS neces} /+2 Cach Series, Time Last 4 Series(Nos. 6/-64),6egGqd y ue oS “Sary to srenioriZe CQc#? €3t1 mared — GF OrmrnUTES O-40 ¥/ess reptrons eS: icy bod > : b & N 4 Bor veer] Tae? y Series after 24 hours, Alt effort, gee je “prese para YS. 27°F Series ! 135 receriHoer * Improvement in Test Series: ECAYIGUE O CArII1/19 5 - AECK CAF f70%7: wy. : 32 series Of HIO/ISElSEG ‘ * Seg NY 3 fe gb dpet iidoves b | Ree pain Re Sipe pa cdi ak 1. Ability to reproduce series o I? Aiscomfort ard ted/ousress o S > od 4 a S)W/e2b/es (12 sy//ob/es numbers, creas N ge Series. 71772 (37 G),3 tours,|/f each ser/es) 4 iu COLTUIIG + ge very large (ee Dearborn No#). + 2 SNS 9 Serles: FO repetitioras Time (es74)— #0 Afso, 5-a purely Py potherica/ Thos, (Es? Series yneasvres ae a “ns Sigs eterna Pt ee eee ee asmany reptions read to re furctiera, BAS€d O17 4 SUPPOSED practice effect of bot 7rg ard = > ee S “ a Beta eee teas A ie learn) after 2°! 7r9 Serves. PPYCMOPHYSICAl ACTIVITY, 1.6, A |) Test Ger/ed. Q NaN bane 3 fest Series estimated Small losses (f eff VIE. A ibid” iti i Linh ne i Qr F Hours 4 ear ea 45k, Agia allied mermory furict/ers,” Leta CNIS f ¢-Poetry: Slight or Gd jest Ww? Ly oe yj S = ae req bd to (earn and relearts, . S Prose: Fe. 2]. y, 4 ly XL as much by Lf 2 of 3,2 2 /l 2 bs relearn Ger 20H TFG, SEer/es. | Tepes tron of Ebert Found /acH of corre/latic? Thie_reper(tior of E+M.s Yard Meumann’s Je etween (Mi Provemenry 177 Test 72s7r Series, dererrmnisi|es Prac- a : Ss ee MC Qnd Treg Series, Lrmproverment tice Effect Of Svcs? Fesr qQme es eres VW Jest Series /ar @, CCCAS/ OF74| Serres and feaves 77° Gro ale for their Py Pothetica/s WIT ECFACTIONN CF BITIEG 1912): Horry Functions” QS Q@ Facrorin “Warster” er Spread” OF 1177 foro VECMIETIT. : a larger Than 4.477. found aero 7raserles.iIndicares that gf Fon’ PELrCENT GUT? FOUTA [-Ave to pee ee iv? Tes as used by £ber7 a4 SAE UrKIATIT. effect dv& fo Jesr Serres a/ore, Series. Qear borr, WF: rs a Aen WISCOlIS/477 | | g ¥ ¥ ik [R=taachemt Mernorizing of: /-pecerry, | Memorlzing, OF DEP om — & | ve Fercert Fercen?| Tesiaea| 4. Abliity. Fo organ/ze fac rer Il Acarerelly execured (aera re, xy |S |Psycholol 2- order of #4g9rays (sane |F sNteriss71@s of a vE Gain Gar Gain, \yWnemor1z1Ng and toretain @a rew XPEPIIAEIIT GERM AG with rela - ; Na i Scheme Qs with 17a Sele3\ tuning Fort, 77ens/ HEN SShh STAYS 36 F 32 frets whilé reports/) rerrously tr ve/y S17 ple FuerictiO7s. A S CRAG 2g. Z $ Gray “i ss ~ ey) b, SN S : /:grad. ||3-arrangement of # wire being presented || “Bila. 9 tones 22 W Ws earned tacts 15 “transrere ble: Ee OF SE FICS. AO ee a RQ ~ No irpegs Mantes ahs wet. tident \|-S/1H/ES OF Sound, 4 -same|\varying ordervr suc) * Seaee 1G 10 g 12. Transterence 1S Aervired as SECT of TACTICS. STAY FEF > ~~ e na y ‘ A grays n Lin pig ft 1ew © | VIS 90 |l2-cnyer of & 1) PSYAM for FGrAYS, 5- order of 4. sive SE€r/1€S, Specific || &2) = JO 2 8 ablity ro YSeE (dertical cle yMEn7S\- 4 arces PeclFic’ view OF Fras lao A =! = = ~ ps c < P| S elias /; femarndy TODES of tmajer chorcrod problem 3 Te rerain|| 9 XI T7UN | —se—| |Z te Wegetrecgres crotang. 7 Vek Uadennty OF parm tay So tH yj 7 12 8 4 Eyentor || L427 Cz - order and form GIVEN SErIES OF FH & ® : J. Successtfuf OrGa 12a? Or? oF SfUNCTION G5 a Carriero? ae Ny NisS. lis/“Hes of sound, #- - OF FP geom. Figures, 7— FEISITICS For EB Secormy, > | .Georw. F/GULFES 43 8 a Wepends ep conscious vse of let Trasyus There 1s Vrerle wa \ \ SONS Wo eto arlod 4 ora Sen olNorder of 9 2-place nem dering First + of whic & S&F oe CA ve Lead 2 3 = Be LAL IILER AIOE US META | AUG ~ ® Ws-order of FZ roneszé student \-Lers, @-extens of aruz suhjecr reported OPLEP ® , G Purvi DEers 4 Oo IPIAGELY AAA operly Conrre. wae ove rnpEerr? where Sa ghd jae EA eal © nine geomerrica/ fgcreH 12 PSY -\\ n2evemenT: of previous series, ana, & &|\t Aria Plevemen?s oO ah = (oe ee ae po ee ees ASG Re ea ee oe x2} 7-rune 2-place pumber chology) ATING last F fearned| oy Sih. Feerry a ees —s 4errering 280 CAR OF coukera— j-4e Sicbe i oe OE Ae te a Cae eee i TL Fe gied m Se ObTOErIe . $ Average 6 275° 3:75 WAG FESPor72ses. ICG/ 212177 ehrs As carriers of ? vb;. reo 3 oo = =; Li = 47? 20 : ON gh al MOREY Sane D QQ Zests /and # rEeguire OrgarizaTi cn oF y renning effect me Post + 600 + ll A Olieers, wits conconianr memory of o¢her { q Tig Period = 24 weens, fects. Fornt constant, Cover, var ylnng- ; Vest 3-‘content “constaar, “ferwn rary/12g° | : ! | Jest J —cconmtent and form vErylrig- = IBY. ; ; y Sc al aaa yi 5 ; ; : : Saat a es RN ws Exp. 4. TF eee Experiments / ae 4: PRES pi pei aitey | Expt / Or7 @ bas/s oF FATS} MICHMIO YY WorA / pore ve- 4 - Aes /(duQ/ GAMUT aer2 PAK EGE LB 3 Be poerry, ES ES ye a's Md Se sl Ce | vBye@crs feEsrtTeg 7 OF HHVENF} ING Vo POLE PUTER? - S0V17T141 POT FOlrVIGLIC€, Vas) roup GAIW7FEA S77€+IF ey SFG725 erred x2 youd Ste OF CAICE HAITI ATIM A > asl alvey rere Pee arny oF Ie ie PEs ory of prose passage? ory of peerry (ples a- about 10% more 4+an Coptre/ Group. RPIAPEHIG/ Whose nature /S [plies ae Sis fete tI A Wi 73 OF 15S LM Prose passages tro. eS: SIF V7 Ystriibu. 4rOM busfory. Spine i -povur 66 to Fo! Sperir Exp.2 fesidva/ Garr in taver of 7G Grou Giverse from Phar OF THANG.W. the £1737 CXPETIMCHTor 10 AF- i Nh es ees 21 | ABET OS cSintty SP Ved atiragy | es oveur $0 | kina 20043 Guill promnng marel/ar Of Saale CGS acer ot EEG | ¥ 2 PFI ALIN DD yt : 4 W/Z ria eS c 7 S z 5 ShUHO. SLI h yi ba. Seles 3 experiments WAN MEZA 27 ey. Prose passages Yrem| Experiment extend- leds ue Gor gained Trem Gr. gained on ave. eorody, vonage cela On pet N lig 3 groups of sudyect@S\ i F DFO tchrlks GEoGrapl7 y. ed over two weens. Saat 2 CELTS 17UTIAT Naboot 12 Vo. Of Im PVs Sheen 127FRE.1% 3014. xs i fees ALLEGAN ke éxp. a 22 ‘aye oF | -One of (2 atiemprsfo Study Fare | LS) re 27 showed /esseg Yer, with 2ChHool CAIlAPEH, UF? - Q by res75 > C 2» U2 es p 2 : eee ee IO T MIA SChCOL COMES YS FOS, = i Ln tlvevIce Of /r¥7- NS xp| 40 | ZOWeps of) One test for serise of passyéexp./. Oe practice exer ieee WO Si Bo kas Berere After Be a FALIMIG 19 £OTE MVEFIOLY\\I-Desfiuse CONCIUSIOWIT GLE OF < < | Proevemert (a) of rore |S / Standard ages girera before avid GfrEer c1se per weer for 3 ; EXP. Trewg Train? Gali. 7raiag, Trang THAIWS FETS” GO PS 7O 77907 Ed: “sts f1C@A DY SYCA A COGIEE SES G~ | : oiin | ventory of mean- exg iE Treiming Serves weens. Fracrice Coss 1\4-5' 18.7 | 34) 44 s5.4\|720| 4bllerecrency /7 Substance a GATS C8 PERCE 2 x Oa ER | WPGIEES TV TIGS is ited x2 2d of reacher rEAG//1d | PPIERIOF I | i £.HESU/t2 are Clouded oy ery Ry ~ Ryic x prove rent Of SUS = SS Poeniol marertal witty C/A33 TE ~ 2.1/f8.2| /642| Zho| z¢ ¢ 7.5°| /97.6\| 27./ 4acHr oF UP FFOSPCCTIVE Va SE NE pe jee * 3 c= COAST “ISTERG Q YTS [eclkwpezerwee emery oF “4EK P| 46 Pk Cis Kps.2end 3. four Fests Fer\ pearing aloud PPEVENTS AIZCVSStIO12 OF FEW OF HELGE FELOKA. H S HN igh \elisense passages; SMe 2 BIC | it i ch eas is WSEAS ‘A eerie exer ~ 3\ata| 76.4| 10.0] 26 38.6 |4%6.6| 8-OlM Werhod” of Spread of r17- Ne, Merhod of learning *he 7HarEer | > o5 ly >¢ 7b) Sear emir NEN: PE Bete iad rr7vemory CF pres P i rove met 270779 YIPELITAL 127 Sy frearzy raay have Furic Qhot meanmngrtul thing os Stor1es. LIE?s very slight correlation FORCTIONS. Ap halle MMR ESR rye So SES roel (< octryy On SUub- ay XP 34 a Exp.3 fete EMSA R pid org crore aragd sub S1EadG sore oS vos TAMHCE He PPTOFY. Hy : Shabce miémory cF\ 47 £3 practice gqvenit 170 my: 264 WOR) SEE LEO EET LAs ELE | | Be ‘a Hoy | 3 z= , SAANICE 41H E77 OY; = e i\San7e serr as dariy worn eo +he a || Serves [3 exper’men 1 Periods of @ mnures | By ohOe Fi 5 a : See ou emer % , ‘ é€ : ; 7 v Suby -G fearn ; 4 Wnfwence of tran Syudenty S¢Qsecrs 1 42 6 w2clusive. Suljects (-G sear / 2 3 / be Se] al, WIENOFIZI IG forll & ee Abi pity to rmemorize (Ferm @€A 3O*t S50 Frerncl? Subp Troimung Ser/eg, Goon, Test Series %e Gin Bre. foreign vocabvlarres does vot irMthart Spread CF i2oreverment Fo x SO| @esgn or Eniglsh ro-| awuca- \F°GS2 and Germar7) verse|or German words A PREG ORES eae 2 ear PETE: | Ree , Ply any thing 7 Ke @ propersion-\rery closely ralarEed Seecrions ~~ Pak ¢ i) De DOLL ~ ey JZesred bervore and after Daily. for ef aays. 3 “ es 62. English 2 sae ee are wicrease 11 ability Fo fe 435. HEY SI1GP HT | Xx Sie ™» r y PEON Svlyects 772 ER ” ” FSi A m . BNTOFEIGH VErSE OF 30070 1ANGLALPEN?., Dearborn FEport%a 4/15 STUAY 8 ~\ ie * ee tee N Sy cho Subjects 7and 6, tesTed ys Pe VArIOUS iE AL ae Meas is es Geran os ee Wee ey es eS Ability ver a ot n}~> f oe eee 8 oO. for memory of ether |t/11d8 Of poerry. ; n iG te aide alle WEG CEMIC A ATT ER LAG UAE , SPAS 14) (8GTHING For S7Udetif : . Ss £r70g//3/) oe sibs Q as Hinds CF pe ee 7. t4Uugo ane: eee: fe ye Such anmereased abhitify 13 NAegards results a5 of but rey v oy C77E1771(Ca/ Formu/a 5 c tested for nIEMH 8, Horace’s Ces, |\73.\Werse Foe. | /7, , ccompgari1ed By orl. aver. Vinrred Ot Q 8) ~ ae sek PA S727 piles hp eS It. Evioch Arder?, |\FF5,| ByvrhHe - 2. OF S07QM “icine cM ‘a SE po VEE eS ped Svbjecr 4, memory Cf prose | Bi Para asse Les? | GR. (Cren, Porenulac, Cal) 729 please Prose Or pustiye PIQVEPIE, [Parr ef schema after Shornanre “Psch, of 1He ChER1Cal FOrnIVUlJZe. | Learning, p. 377.7 recognizes fact thar im provem— i ave xo practice 1477 Jest Series sheov, if ay lave beerr checned by Confrro/ Ep Farrs land &. é is ; Pak , . iY &e ; 4 Set Fe LntlveriCeé OS FR N ree Grr la of| 3 fest 3er/e3; before, womudda 3 groups of Tr OUL/EC®. x S Rare L. Very. care fu/ sr? - I-THEF 2 as /*#rle evidence Lc, . ANS IP PICMOrizIP/) cerns & Bs Standarg\Of Gnd ar er7d OF T7G.'>: : Groupl searrred po€F1 yy) S™ Sis 7t1cal PF@SE77Q7/017 OF hesreé tr 5 PLCER OF 1IProKe - YY N eee hee cd Lee i ge pee ES B24 Br Avel|| A-brel'a Learag: (Ponta wn | 2-learvied tariovs NaS WeSU/73S. Control Gr. GUr7CH trent amoria prrevital £02011 efap = & Svovce oA ete: REN roe circles Placed by class atTen SOrtrs OF 4ABlES CD, Sileracricatly Qs tIUCII aT 172 EMM PNAS S OF7 BS GAS SARS or > < } 4 JY mak Ge = being Shown sintlar ores or bnetr1c, multiplications UNF 2 YOU? 177 Atl FEST'S, THE Me aree atfectred Ly rraeniwIg Me % of Prolonged & S F oe y is : g ee = ee fd oles DR) 2 yr.8 ma) Hach board, 2-dALICS @S COM Pence, AISI217CE, 27C aan laverage superiority of TG bY tI Soecttic (7 /F8 ene w y g YP ; ere ected to cerrait? €xeEnrks.3)\ Group 3 fearried Fo re-\|\Oxhsvbyecrts sv7al/ eve sia ~ 2° Shere 1s fro genera! mertory feace/?* rize /-sparia/s rele 6 0+ tae Z sf Las id pede CAEL, ‘ g ry A < ’ j ee 3 ; yrermory of pairs of) FIOM - | predece SYULSTUNIICC CANS S4\{CaASES Where COntrEen? 1/7 I FHere ss s7o Gerrweral!(Zzed FG OF iw 410175} 2- PALES, 3 F707 = sevse ‘Syllables ,4-“poetry | prose selections f, Le NEN OE Poesy 0,aG1710 JSP Vas AATENT TC ¥ VATA vat f oe 5 y ¢ } 3 of be et k y =F Rt HELISIO72 Aas SLPI7F. $ eee ee. y hehe A, ae. s £ Jearned by class orally, |\ Simple narrative “or ttera tical Hal? of +2 Angel Clam. #= ter tro ve rote= ~ ° Weare eae LP EYWOAICED 179 LUETIAAIR FUIZPOFICAL, GEOG APLIIE Q, | wrry crrarroras Showed ; torr, the rere Presence of the den '9) Ni Wwe. Age “Orose exrrachs, /earvied \Or 5C/€7 P1A1C HHAL ELIAS N : O or rregarive SUPErior7 Ty Heal elemeny 7S FIOF CHOUG Ab - fH 4 2 /e- Ly cl7ss ora/ly were TEPTO All practice cons/3/¢.7 AN 3° for Tro Subyecrs, lalso Be ece/e ME Soe eer ~ te Such ep 77 4 ( ‘oe g i WLW duced 117 GQ (Mig AG pighs eka Ne Rg fd thy ily fC CLEMENS aN S Great sin fart#ies #7) Conren’ tag, Sry tests avd /n N Svbsrarce, IArECTIG! 127 ectiveé oral (€arr7g. 20, ‘Tl fare Z, frese/Fts Of Xevre' e counter haloriced py ri a loGs dictation resTs. trice re Class whith ThEN|Ijo res (earned gaily 29 i Ge/7e pa/ 4IA7UTEC. ; - pagi ns SAel Wp 5 Nie ibe reproduced tliat cow/@ Be\(20'roral pracr1ce 1/7776 CME te Halk he eeises 244 Baa eet iin eee ET is, eae siaee S VIC CASES 2G 6- Ree prece/ (ater Fererice rhiay be pro > See OTe , &-ZL Fe GUN a Lar Ff g i WAY DC fPPFOMUCEA 177 Gorrie sermenibEered, 8 ~tLrmedare| As tr1bUP Ed over GW Wey hoor sro/ GP garvied rriore \irom materials volving pleaser able feetin. seis | Learn Gi- 7-Map test, children 1G and conrre/ Gai SL tha Trg Sp. Li rerart; 47 VONVIAS feels 2Q SF cfr Slonarer? Sage & Orertay OO Yaa Geared w/aces rianied fo Temarrariged With, app/e. eh8 ; vd ee ge ou ON Complete WsCcussiorn Of “WMentica/ elements (a) 8G, 7-/0!-DICTAI1IO/1; FE CEIVINIG | HATELY CgvUa/ M157 oF = yy DEP SUpPerrory Ay Of / FG “spect tie “Firend OF AFL CHLIOM) MMPOG LB) 170 GELCKGL ard Whiting of various SeVeNA LIV AY by ranning WALES IEP. ude KErY IP val/ reeds geil’ Liggett: Pili ahdidcgly celdeheelehi tte Serag ‘ : : f PPO CL? WNT; ery C1058 ark Ode 707 | es an eines Tar eee ee IN FE oa Daal agle CMeeae al Rhy +o determine raarice ae eh ace = IPLLAI, (A) THELE ES AAR UH? PERE OF LRU NEAEIS § BAM ake he et 2 inmaerterial beyond which traning will net Function |](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b32846782_0149.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
