Volume 1

On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag.

  • Sonntag, Charles F. (Charles Frederick), -1925
Date:
1923
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    anterior thoracic nerve and the thoracico-acromial vessels, but it is not pierced by the cephalic vein which runs through it in Man and many other mammals. The fibres run transversely below the costo-coracoid ligament. The deltoid, covered by dense fascia, is coarsely fasciculate. It arises from the front of the outer half of the clavicle and the outer border of the acromion process. A second part has an extensive aponeurotic and fascial origin from the whole length of the lower border of the spine of the scapula, and from the fascia over the entire infra-spinatus. At the inferior angle of the scapula the fascial origin blends with serratus magnus, the rhomboids, teres major, and latissimus dorsi. It conceals a bursa which in- tervenes between the acromion and upper end of the humerus, but does not communicate with the shoulder joint. One large and several small branches of the circumflex nerve, and branches of the circumflex arteries are seen entering its deep aspect. Humphry found it adherent to the brachia.lis anticus (26), but Macalister (33) denied that it adheres to the triceps and brachial is anticus. Wilder (53) points out that the attach- ment to the fascia over the infra-spinatus and the axillary border of the scapula enables the animal to swing the arm far back. The muscle fibres all converge to be inserted into the usual deltoid area on the shaft of the humerus. The insertion is embraced by the brachialis anticus. Scapular Muscles :—Ail observers are agreed that the infra- spinatus greatly exceeds the supra-spinatus in size, and both arise from the whole of the scapular fossie to which they are attached. They are inserted as in Man into impressions on the great tuberosity. Corresponding vessels and nerves pass into them as in Man. The infra-spinous fossa is deep, being enclosed between the prominent spine and a thickening of the axillary border of the scapula. The teres minor arises from the lower border of the lip of the glenoid cavity and lateral half of the axillary border of the scapula. It is inserted into the lowest part of the great tuberosity of the humerus and the upper half inch of the shaft of the bone. Champneys (11) gives its origin as the mid third of the axillary border and the adjacent part of the infra-spinous fossa, and Hepburn (24) records its origin from‘the upper two- thirds of the axillary border. The teres major arises from the medial half of the axillary border of the scapula, and is inserted into the inner lip of the bicipital groove. It is strongly fused with the latissimus dorsi. The subscapidai’is arises from the whole of the subscapular fossa, and tendinous bauds run through between the bundles of fibres to the bone. It has no origin from fascia over it. The muscular mass converges, and is inserted by three tendons into the lesser tuberosity and the shaft of the humerus over a quarter of an inch below it. Some of the deep fibres are directly inserted into the capsule of the shoulder joint. The coraco-brachialis is fleshy throughout. Lt a,rises along with the short head of the biceps from the tip of the coracoid [24] 4
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