Volume 1

On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag.

  • Sonntag, Charles F. (Charles Frederick), -1925
Date:
1923
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    for the index goes under those for the second and fourth digits. Champneys (11) states that the middle finger alone has a separate radial origin, but Rolleston gives the radial origin to the tendon for the index. Macalister (33) observed no radial origin at all. Moore (36) states that the annularis receives two tendons, and the minimus gets none. Finally, Bland-Sutton (4) describes the flexor sublimis tendons going to the third, fourth, and fifth digits, but there is a flexor sublimis indicis arising from both radius and coronoid. Dwight (18) describes a very complex muscle. The tendons split over the heads of the metacarpal bones, surround the deep flexor tendons, and are inserted as in Man into the middle phalanges. Muscles of the Hypothenar Eminence (text-fig. 35 A & C) The abductor minimi digiti (A.M.D) arises by a broad, but thin, muscular origin from the pisiform bone. It lies along the ulnar border of the hand and is inserted by a long, slender tendon into the ulnar aspect of the base of the first phalanx of the little finger. Its insertion is closely blended with that of the flexor brevis. The flexor brevis minimi digiti (F.B.M.D) has a single head of origin from the anterior annular ligament and hook of the unciform ; and the annular ligament appears to be prolonged into it. It is inserted along with, the abductor. The opponents minimi digiti (O.M.D) has a double origin from the anterior annular ligament and uncinate process of the unciform, the latter being blended with the flexor brevis. It is inserted into the ulnar- aspect of the shaft of the fifth metacarpal bone. The palmaris brevis is very extensive in both hands, but several authors describe it as in Man. Muscles of the Thenar Eminence (text-fig. 35 A & C):-—The abductor pollicis brevis (A.P.B) arises from the anterior annular ligament, the scaphoid and sesamoid bone and the sesamoid bone of the thumb, and it is divided into two slips. These unite to a muscular insertion into the radial side of the base of the first phalanx of the thumb. It conceals the lateral half of the opponens. Champneys (11)and Macalister (33)saw no splitting into Soemmer- ing's slips. The opponens pollicis (O.P) arises from the anterior annular ligament and ridge of the trapezium. It is inserted into the distal half of the radial aspect of the shaft of the metacarpal of the thumb. Embleton (19) states that the opponens pollicis is absent. The flexor brevis pollicis (F.B.P) consists of superficial and deep parts. The superficial part arises by three slips from the anterior annular ligament and trapezium. The deep part arises from the ulnar side of the first metacarpal and anterior annular ligament. Both parts unite and are inserted into the ulnar side of the base of the first phalanx. The whole muscle forms a large mass between the opponens superficially and the adductores deeply. The adductor transversus pollicis (A.T.P) and adductor obliquus pollicis (A.O.P) are as in Man. The flexor longus pollicis (F.L.P) arises from the inner surface of the shaft of the radius over the whole length except the [27]
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