Volume 1
On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag.
- Sonntag, Charles F. (Charles Frederick), -1925
- Date:
- 1923
Licence: In copyright
Credit: On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag. Source: Wellcome Collection.
92/118 page 412
![internus, gemelli, quadratus femoris, biceps, and gluteus maxi- mus. As it courses round the tuber iscliii and down the thigh it gives branches to the hamstrings. In the popliteal space it divides into external and internal popliteal nerves. The external popliteal nerve passes under the biceps and through the extensor longus digitorum and supplies both. It is continued as the anterior tibial nerve. The latter supplies the anterior tibial muscles at the top, the ankle joint, the flexor brevis digitorum, the tarso-metatarsal joints and the skin of the adjacent sides of the hallux and index. It gives off the muscido-cittaneous nerve which, however, only supplies the skin of the adjacent sides of the index, medius, annularis, and minimus. No nervus suralis exists. The internal popliteal nerve becomes the posterior tibial nerve. This passes between the heads of the gastrocnemius and supplies them. As it passes down the leg it gives a branch to the upper part of the anterior tibial muscles and branches to the posterior tibial muscles, peronei, ankle joint, and flexor brevis digitorum. It divides into three terminal branches. A muscular branch runs to the abductor minimi digiti. The internal plantar nerve, or second terminal branch supplies the abductor hallucis, lumbricales, flexor brevis hallucis, adductor hallucis, joints of the foot, and the skin of the inner four toes. The nerve to the last digit communicates with the lateral plantar nerve. The lateral plantar nerve, or third terminal branch divides into superficial and deep parts. The former supplies the abductor and flexor and skin on the outer side of the fifth toe. The latter supplies the adductor hallucis, interossei, and tarso-metatarsal joints. The superior gluteal nerve (S.G.N) emerges above the pyriformis, and divides into two branches which follow those of the artery. A special branch runs to the gluteus minimus, but the scansorius is supplied by the sciatic nerve. The inferior gluteal nerve (I.G N) accompanies the corre- sponding artery to the gluteus maximus. The pudendal nerve (Pud.N), after emerging through the sciatic notch, forms a prominent cord lying alongside the pudendal vessels. It lies in the outer wall of the ischio-rectal fossa, but no well-marked Alcock’s canal exists. It gives several twigs to the rectum, external sphincter ani, levator ani, sphincter vaginae, and ischio-cavernosus. It also supplies the skin of the perineal region. It differs from that in Man in that it does not pierce any triangular ligament, and it has no branches to the transverse perineal muscles, for the latter are absent. It does not divide into two terminal branches of large size. The small sciatic nerve (S.S.N) courses much as in Man. I agree with JBolk (7) that the Chimpanzee, like the other Anthropoids, differs from Man in the absence of a nervus suralis. The lumbar and sacral nerves receive grey rami communicantes from the gangliated cords of the sympathetic nerves (text-fig. 46). [90]](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b2982123x_0001_0092.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
