Catalogue of the vegetable production of the Presidency of Bombay : including a list of the drugs sold in bazars of western India / compiled by G.C.M. Birdwood.

Date:: 1865

Credit: Catalogue of the vegetable production of the Presidency of Bombay : including a list of the drugs sold in bazars of western India / compiled by G.C.M. Birdwood. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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$Vernacular. Poonag, Poonaga, Keshoor, Sans. Beng. Cumul, Hind. Toong, Beng. Shendree, By. Poonagum, Corunga-mun-jemaruw, Mai. Capilapodie, Tarn. Vassuntagunda, Chendurapu, Vcliga- rum, Kunkumapuova, Tel. Ham-parandoelia, Cey. Habitat. Concans, Travancore, Coromandel, Mysore. Remarks. See Drugs. Ricinus Tanarius of Sumatra is used there as a dye. It is the Tanarius minor of Rumphius (lib. v. fig. 121). Crawfurd states that the Tanarius major of Rumphius (lib. v. 122), which I cannot identify, is used also as a dye in Sumatra under the name of Laka. Crozophora tinctoria (J]\ioTp6niov to fiiKpbv, Dios.) of South Europe is the source of Turnsole. N. 0. 200. ARTOCARPACEiE. ARTOCARPADS. Urostigma religiosum Mig. Linn. Sytt. Polygamia Mona'cia. The colouring matter extracted from the Stick Lac,—Lac Dye Lac Lake. Vernacular. Pippula, Sans. Ashwertha, Beng. Pippul, Hind. Ani-peepul, Beng. Areaht, Mai. Arasutn-marum, Tarn. Rat/, Raghie, Tel. Bogaha, Cey. Habitat. India, within and beyond the Ganges. Remarks. Of Western writers, first described by the Arabs (Ab Hanifa). Amongst the Indians it is of immemorial renown, but I do not know in which of their books it is first noticed. The term Lac, applied to Gum-lak by the Hindus, is the same as lac, an hundred thousand, from the multitude of insects found in it. Lac-lake, or Lac-dye, is dissolved out of the Lac with boiling water, and then obtained by evaporation. The colouring matter is derived from the female of Coccus Dacca. Other insects of this genus also afford a similar colouring matter. The female of Coccus Hide found on Quercus coccifera, W. the Kermes Oak is Kermes: the female of Coccus Cacti found on Opuntia cochinillifera, the Nopal of Mexico, is Cochineal; and the female of Coccus polonicus, found on the roots of Scleranthus perennis, according to some, but of Polygonum cocciferum according to others, and probably also other species of root-Cocci as they are called, are the Scarlet Grains of Poland. Cochineal was not known to Europeans before 1518, although often called Coccus Indicus tinctorius, and Ficus India grana : but similarly we speak of Maize as Indian and Turkey corn, of species of Tropoeohan as Indian Cress, and call the Turkey by that name, and the French, Cocq d'Inde, although Turkeys, Indian Cress, and Maize are indigenous to America. Indian, in these and analgous instances, simply means rare, precious, large, and the like. Kermes, which before the introduction of Cochineal from America, was universally employed for dyeing scarlet, now obtained from$