Variations in human myology observed during the winter session of 1867-68 at King's College, London / by John Wood.

  • John Wood
Date:
1868
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Variations in human myology observed during the winter session of 1867-68 at King's College, London / by John Wood. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    Pig. 1 (Subject No. 3). mens affecting 13 muscles proper to the and neck, and 40 others affecting 6 muscles which, acting upon the clavicle or scapula, are num- bered with the muscles of the upper extremity, viz. the cleido-occipital, sterno-cleido-mastoid, omohyoid, trapezius, levator anguli scapulae, and levator claviculse. 1. Cleido-occipital (^Gephalo-humeral of the lower animals).—Of this muscle 8 specimens have been found in the male subjects, all on both sides—and 6 in the females, two of which were on the left side only. On the left side of No. 3, male, and on both sides of No. 7, male, the curious and interesting arrangement was found which is drawn from the former subject in fig. 1, A slip of parallel muscular fibres, three-fourths of an inch wide (a), arising from the sternal end of the clavicle, close outside of and in connexion with the sternal origin of the sterno-mastoid, crossed superficially and obliquely the cleido- mastoid {b) (which was split into two parts) to join the cleido-occipi- tal (c) about its middle. The more usual clavicular attachment of the latter muscle was broad, and connected with the centre of the clavicle directly over the posterior triangle, reaching from the origin of the cleido-mastoid as far out as the clavicular attachment of the trapezius {d). This arrange- ment gives a very complex appearance to the whole group of muscles, and strikingly resembles the formation in the Marmot, Polecat, Genette, and striped Hyaena, and, to a le^s extent, in the Coati. In these animals the ce- phalo-humeral is only connected with the trapezius close up to the occiput, tinued forward, superficial to the cleido-mastoid, and joins wholly or by a separate slip with the sterno-mastoid (see Cuvicr and Laurillard's plates). This resemblance to the cephalo-humeral of these animals tends strongly to confirm the view of the homology of the cleido-occipital in Man, given by the author in former papers. On the right side of the subject No. 3, the cleido-occipitnl was large, but presented no slip of connexion with the sterno-mastoid ; but it was found on both sides of No. 7. A tendency to this formation was seen also in subject No. 21 of last year's Table. In No. 13 the cleido-occipital was double, and distinct from both the cleido-mastoid and trapezius along its whole length. This homologue of the cephalo-humeral of animals was found distinct and very well marked Towards the clavicle it is con-
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