Flowers of the field / by C.A. Johns.

  • Johns, C. A. (Charles Alexander), 1811-1874.
Date:
1894
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Flowers of the field / by C.A. Johns. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    ’-T’TxtODUCTION The Stem.—The stem is said to be simple when it bears leaves, or leaves and flowers only without branches ; as in Grass of Parnassus, p. 82. A compound stem is repeatedly and irregularly branched, as in Flax-seed, p. 110. A stem, is said to be forked when it divides into two branches of equal, or nearly equal size. The stem of Annual Knawel, p. 536, is repeatedly forked. The term erect, when applied to the stem, has the same meaning as perpendicular. An ascending stem is one which is horizontal when first it leaves the root, and then becomes erect. When several stems grow from one root, the central one is often erect, the rest ascending, as in the common Mallow. A prostrate stem trails along the ground without ever becoming erect. A creeping stem differs from the last by sending out roots from its joints. Some plants have erect stems with creeping scions, or shoots from the base, as the Creeping Buttercup, p. 12. The Axie.—This name is given to the angle formed by a leaf where it leaves the stem. A bud or flower which springs from this angle, is termed axillary. The Leaf.—Leaves which spring directly from the root are called radical; those which grow on the stem are either alternate, as in Balsam, p. 130 ; opposite, as in the Pink, p. 91 ; or whorled : the leaves of AV oodrufl, p. 308, grow in whorls.