The essentials of chemical physiology for the use of students / by W.D. Halliburton.
- William Dobinson Halliburton
- Date:
- 1914
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: The essentials of chemical physiology for the use of students / by W.D. Halliburton. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![Determination of the Oxygen Capacity of Blood Into each bottle put 1 c.c. of blood which has been thoroughly shaken with air (an ordinary 1-c.c. pipette delivers about 096 c.c. of blood) and 2 c.c. of ammonia solution (1 c.c. concentrated ammonia made up to 250 c.c. with distilled water). Shake so as to thoroughly lake the blood. Put 0*3 c.c. of ferricyanide into the cup of one stopper, and, if necessary, a slip of filter-paper. Grease the stoppers, and put on the bottles—hang the apparatus on the water- bath and proceed as in the above example. Suppose the final difference of pressure to be 5-8 cm., the amount of gas given off will be : 5*8 X 0-0306= 0-177 c.c. at 15° C. and 763 mm. barometric pressure. If this were given off by 0-96 c.c. of blood, the oxygen capacity would be obtained by correcting for temperature and pressure :— 0-177 273 <>96 X 288 X — = 0-175 c.c. at N.T.P. ' 760 Determination of Oxygen in Unsaturated Blood Place 2 c.c. of the dilute ammonia in each bottle. Take 1 c.c. of blood that is venous in colour 1 in a pipette, put the end of the pipette under the surface of the ammonia, and deliver the blood gently into the bottle so that it lies as a layer underneath the clear solution of ammonia. Into the other bottle similarly deliver 1 c.c. of blood which has been thoroughly saturated with air. Put the bottles on to the stoppers, and with the taps open hang the apparatus on the bath. After five minutes close the taps, and if the zero remains constant, read, and then shake the apparatus as above. The oil will, of course, rise on the side of the unsaturated blood. The shaking should be carried out so as to dirty the cups as little as possible. Suppose the ultimate difference in level is 2-1 cm. Now, remove the bottle, which contains the fully oxygenated blood, put ferricyanide into the cup, replace the bottle, and determine the total oxygen capacity of the blood in it. Suppose the final reading with ferricyanide to be as before, 5-8 cm., the student will now have at his disposal two determinations: (1) the percentage saturation, which is 5-8—-2-1 5>T X 100 = 81 per cent., and (2) the actual quantity of oxygen that was in 1 c.c. of the unsaturated blood, namely, 81 per cent. 81 of the total oxygen capacity, 0-189 X — = 0-153 c.c. Standardisation of the Gowers-Haldane Hahmoglobinometer A Gowers-Haldane hsemoglobinometer should indicate 100 when the oxygen capacity is : ^ 1 c.c. of blood = 0-185 c.c. oxygen at N.T.P. To test this it is only necessary to measure the oxygen capacity of the blood with the differentia] apparatus (it is best to use ox or sheep’s blood) and at the same time to determine the oxygen capacity of the same blood with the hsemoglobinometer. 1 On no account should stale blood le used.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b31364421_0301.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
