Tabular view of the primary divisions of the animal kingdom : intended to serve as an outline of an elementary course of recent zoology (Cainozoology), or the natural history of existing animals / by Robert E. Grant.

  • Robert Edmond Grant
Date:
1861
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Tabular view of the primary divisions of the animal kingdom : intended to serve as an outline of an elementary course of recent zoology (Cainozoology), or the natural history of existing animals / by Robert E. Grant. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

    72/100 (page 64)
    First Order. HOLOTHURIDA, Grant. Body with elongated axis^ freCj soft, covered with cori- aceous contractile skin, naked, tuberculated, or spiculose; mostly with, sometimes without, ambulacra and tubular feet; alimentary canal biforate, with terminal orifices, and numerous peristomatous tentacula ; branchiae internal, tubular, and ramose. Gen. Sipunculus, Synapta, Holothuria, &c. Second Order. ECHINIDA, Grant. Body free, subglobular or depressed; covered with a complex articulated calcareous shell, solid and inflexible; with the mouth and anus distinct, the mouth ftu'nished with simple or ramified tentacula, and often distinct ocelli; some- times with teeth fixed in five circularly arranged maxillae; the surface of the sheU furnished with solid moveable spines, attached to fixed tubercles ; five pairs of ambulacra for the transmission of pedicelli; convoluted intestine, attached by vascular mesentery; circulation in arteries and veins; in- ternal and external branchial respiration. Gen. Echinus, Cidaris, Spatangus, &c. Third Order. ASTERIDA, Grant. Body free, radiated, depressed, always without peduncle, covered with coriaceous contractile skin, armed with sessile tubercles or spines, and triarmate pedicellariae; mouth central, inferior, furnished with tentacula, and opening into a centra], stomach, sometimes furnished with a separate minute anal canal; circulation in arteries and veins; in- ternal and external branchiae; ocelli, when present, at the lower surface of the ends of the rays. Gen. Asteracanthion, Stichaster, Echinaster, &c.